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Вінсент Ван Гог 1853–1890
Нідерландський Born in Зюндерт Пост-імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
19th Century, one artist at a time
Вінсент Ван Гог (1853–1890) is the most famous 19th Century painter, whose singular vision gave us Зорі Ніч (Нью Йорк, MoMA) and Кафе на площі Форуму в Арлі вночі. Next stand Клод Моне, Поль Сезанн, Анрі Матісс and Кандінський Василь Васильович. These 100 painters, from Бертель Торвальдсен (born 1770) to Анрі Матісс (born 1869), came from 24 countries.
Our selection. Artists whose works our catalogue attaches to 19th Century, in the order of our fame ranking. Artists born after 1955 with no Wikidata identifier stay out until verified. The Wikipedia figure counts our 32 languages with an article on the artist.
In brief
One artist at a time
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Нідерландський Born in Зюндерт Пост-імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Француз Born in Екс-ан-Прованс Постімпресіонізм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Француз Born in Ле-Като-Камбрезі Фовізм, Постімпресіонізм, Кубізм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Росіянин Born in Москва ['Експресіонізм', 'Абстрактне живопис', 'Der Blaue Reiter'] Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Француз Born in Париж ['Пост-імпресіонізм', 'Символізм', 'Синтетизм', 'Примітивізм'] Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
Vairumati (1892). Білий кінь (1898). Звідки ми прийшли? Хто ми? Куди ми йдемо? Vairumati, 1892. Дві жінки на пляжі, 1891. Таїтянки, що купаються, 1891. Автопортрет у капелюсі, 1893.
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Француз Born in колишній 10-й округ Парижа Реалізм, імпресіонізм, авангард Wikipedia in 31/32 languages
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Австрієць Born in Баумгартен ['Модерн', 'Символізм', 'Віденська сецесія'] Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Британська Born in Мейден-лейн Романтизм Wikipedia in 31/32 languages
«Боротьба між кораблями Темерер та тягарем» (Тейт Галлері, Лондон). «Руїни Тінтернського абатства» (Музей Калуста Гульбенкіана, Лісабон, Португалія). «Работорговці викидають за борт мертвих і вмираючих — наближається тайфун» (Музей образотвчих мистецтв, Бостон, Массачусетс).
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Німець Born in Грайфсвальд Романтизм Wikipedia in 31/32 languages
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Француз Born in Лімож Імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Француз Born in Монтобан Неокласицизм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Француз Born in Париж ['Неоімпресіонізм', 'Постімпресіонізм', 'Пуантилізм', 'Дивізіонізм', 'Хромолюмінізм'] Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
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Француз Born in Руан Романтизм Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
While The Raft of the Medusa remains his most celebrated achievement, Géricault’s artistic output extended beyond this singular masterpiece. Sadly, Géricault’s life was cut short by illness at the age of 32 in 1824, following years of suffering from riding accidents and a chronic tubercular infection. He continually returned to military themes, evident in works like Wounded Cuirassier (1814) and The Derby of Epsom (1821), demonstrating a fascination with drama and expressive force.
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Француз Born in Гревіль-Аг Реалізм, Бабізонська школа Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
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Swedish Born in Сольна Abstract art, Spiritualism Wikipedia in 24/32 languages
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Француз Born in Париж Неокласицизм, реалізм, імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
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Американець Born in Лоуелл Тоналізм та Естетизм Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
Arrangement in Grey and Black № 1 (1871). Nocturne in Black and Gold – The Falling Rocket (1875). «Симфонія в білому, № 2: Маленька біла дівчинка» (приблизно 1864).
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Французька Born in Бурж Імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
«Гортензія», 1894. На пізньому етапі своєї творчості, у 1894 році, вона створила «Гортензію». Здатність Берти Морозо́ передавати найтонші нюанси світла та кольору через вільні, впевнені мазки залишалася незмінною рисою її генія протягом усіх років живопису. Щоб на власні очі побачити її витончену манеру письма, варто розпочати подорож із Парижа.
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British Born in Іст-Берголт Romanticism Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
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Американець Born in Бостон Американський реалізм Wikipedia in 24/32 languages
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Француз Born in Альбі Постімпресіонізм Wikipedia in 31/32 languages
La Goulue Arriving at the Moulin Rouge with Two Women. La Passagère du 54, ou Promenade en Yacht (1896).
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Француз Born in Ла-Рошель Академічний реалізм Wikipedia in 29/32 languages
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Англієць Born in Лондон Прерафаелітське братство, Символізм Wikipedia in 31/32 languages
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Дансько-французька Born in Шарлотта-Амалія ['Імпресіонізм', 'Неоімпресіонізм', 'Постімпресіонізм'] Wikipedia in 31/32 languages
The transition from academic tradition to the open air marks a fundamental shift in his approach. He moves away from the stifling constraints of formal training to embrace plein air painting, working directly from nature to capture the immediate sensations of the landscape. Without his stabilizing presence and willingness to experiment—even venturing into the pointillist techniques of Neo-Impressionism —the development of Post-Impressionism might have taken a different shape.
Where to see The weight of Pissarro's influence is felt most heavily in Paris.
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Росіянин українського походження Born in Чугуїв Реалізм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Британська Born in Париж Імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 31/32 languages
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Американець Born in Флоренція Імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 27/32 languages
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Француз Born in Марсель Реалізм, Сатира Wikipedia in 29/32 languages
He was also a dedicated painter and sculptor, though recognition for these works came later in his life. His paintings, often depicting scenes of everyday Parisian existence – the cramped third-class carriages, the weary laundresses, the pompous lawyers – are imbued with an extraordinary sense of realism and empathy. He bridged the gap between Romanticism and Realism, laying the groundwork for future generations of artists who sought to depict the world with unflinching honesty.
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Француз Born in Париж Неоімпресіонізм, точкастизм Wikipedia in 29/32 languages
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Російська Born in Феодосія Російський романтизм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
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Японський Born in Едо *Ukiyo-e* Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
His life unfolded during a period of relative peace and prosperity under the Tokugawa shogunate, yet also one marked by increasing social change and eventual westernization – forces that would ultimately contribute to the decline of ukiyo-e even as they amplified Hiroshige’s enduring legacy. Furthermore, Hiroshige’s work played a significant role in the development of Japonisme, the craze for Japanese art that swept through Europe in the late 19th century.
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Француз Born in Фонтене-о-Роз Постімпресіонізм, Інтимізм, Набі Wikipedia in 27/32 languages
Girl in Straw Hat (Femme au chapeau rouge) (1903). La Vielle Femme, l’Enfant, et la Bassett (1927).
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Американка Born in Аллегейні Імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 32/32 languages
Signature works · The 100 signature works
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Француз Born in Везуль Академізм, Орієнталізм, Неогрек Wikipedia in 29/32 languages
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Американський Born in Гартфорд Художній потік «Худсон» Wikipedia in 24/32 languages
However, this wasn’t simply photographic representation; Church infused his work with a dramatic flair, employing sweeping panoramic views, vibrant color palettes—often utilizing a technique called “lost and found edges” to create an illusion of depth—and a masterful command of atmospheric perspective. This influence is evident in Church’s later expeditions to South America and his attempts to convey not just the visual beauty of these landscapes but also their underlying geological and botanical complexities.
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Британський Born in Скарборо Академічний, Прерафаелізм Wikipedia in 26/32 languages
He was a gifted sculptor, and his Athlete Wrestling with a Python, created between 1888 and 1891, marked a pivotal moment in British sculpture—often credited with initiating a renaissance in contemporary sculptural practice known as the “New Sculpture.” This monumental work, carved from pristine white marble, embodies both physical power and dramatic tension. He represents a fascinating intersection of Victorian ideals, classical influences, and Pre-Raphaelite sensibilities—a unique voice in the history of British art.
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Британська (англійська) Born in Рим Прерафаеліти, романтизм, символізм Wikipedia in 29/32 languages
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Француз Born in Монпельє імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 28/32 languages
He quickly found himself immersed in a circle of kindred spirits – Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and others – all united by a shared desire to revolutionize painting. The blossoming career of Jean Frédéric Bazille was tragically cut short by the Franco-Prussian War in 1870.
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Француз Born in Париж Барбізонська школа Wikipedia in 29/32 languages
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Швед Born in Стокгольм Мистецтво та ремесла (Arts and Crafts) Wikipedia in 28/32 languages
The Old Man and the New Trees (1883).
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Polish Born in Вільне місто Краків Romanticism, History painting Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
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Німецько-данська Born in Нольде Німецький експресіонізм Wikipedia in 28/32 languages
Born Hans Emil Hansen, he grew up on a farm in the Duchy of Schleswig. His parents were Danish and Frisian peasants, and the rhythms of rural life shaped his early years. He looked toward the work of Paul Gauguin and found a way to move beyond simple representation.
Where to see Tracing his presence in public collections reveals a scattered but significant trail.
Signature works · The 100 signature works
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Бельгієць Born in Остенде ['Символізм', 'Експресіонізм'] Wikipedia in 25/32 languages
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Британська Born in Саутгемптон Товариство Прерафаелітів Wikipedia in 28/32 languages
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Француз Born in Париж Реалізм та імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 26/32 languages
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Росіянин Born in Єлабуга Реалізм, Передвижники Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
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Іспанець Born in Валенсія Люмінізм, імпресіонізм, соціальний реалізм Wikipedia in 27/32 languages
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Француз Born in Онфлер Попередник імпресіонізму Wikipedia in 26/32 languages
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Англо-американець Born in Болтон Школа Гісдена (Hudson River School) Wikipedia in 25/32 languages
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Німецько-американець Born in Золінген Школа річки Гудзон, люмінізм Wikipedia in 23/32 languages
Альберт Бьєрштадт народився 7 січня 1830 року в місті Золлінген, Рейнська область, Пруссія, Німеччина. Він був сином бочечника Генрі Бьєрштадта та Крістіни М.
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Нідерландська Born in Дронріп Вікторіанський реалізм, класична репрезентація Wikipedia in 26/32 languages
Pastime in Ancient Egypt Three Thousand Years Ago. Professor George Aitchison (1825–1910), RA, RGM, PRIBA (1900). The Inundation of The Biesbosch in 1421 (1856).
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Британська Born in Бірмінгем ['Братство прерафаелітів', 'Естетизм', 'Символізм', 'Мистецтво та ремесла'] Wikipedia in 27/32 languages
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Французька Born in Бессін-сюр-Гартамп Пост-імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 27/32 languages
For nearly a decade, Valadon worked as an artist’s model, posing for prominent figures like Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and Edgar Degas. Toulouse-Lautrec, recognizing her innate talent and striking presence, encouraged her to pursue drawing, and it was Degas who provided more formal guidance, solidifying her foundational skills. She studied closely the works of Degas, particularly his use of line and composition, and absorbed the vibrant colors and dynamic brushwork of Renoir and Toulouse-Lautrec.
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Француз Born in Париж Сувременна скульптура
“Мислитель” (1880-1882), спочатку задуманий як частина мозаїки “Вхід у Геєну”, став символом філософського роздумів та інтелекту, його потужна форма передає вагу людських думок і екзистенційні питання.
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Німецька Born in Кенігсберг Експресіонізм Wikipedia in 28/32 languages
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Швейцарець Born in Берн Символізм, Паралелізм, Реалізм Wikipedia in 26/32 languages
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Британський Born in Лондон Прерафаелізм Wikipedia in 28/32 languages
William Holman Hunt, born in Cheapside, London on April 2, 1827, was more than simply a painter; he was a philosophical and spiritual seeker who translated his deepest convictions onto canvas. He passed away on September 7, 1910, and was honored with burial in St Paul’s Cathedral—a testament to his significant contribution to British art and culture.
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Француз Born in Кюїзо Набіси, Інтимізм Wikipedia in 23/32 languages
Theodore Duret представляє чоловіка, що сидить у своєму кабінеті — сцену, вибудовану з книг, ваз та годинника. Ця робота є прикладом його вміння перетворювати функціональний простір на психологічний ландшафт. Творча спадщина Віллера залишається живим свідченням тонких зрушень у французькому житті: від узорчатих тканин швецької майстерні до офіційних обставин його пізніх моделей. The Salon of Madame Aron (1904, перероблено у 1934).
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Німецький Born in Вроцлав Реалізм Wikipedia in 24/32 languages
While largely self-taught, Menzel was not immune to artistic influences. Artists like Rembrandt and Vermeer served as models for his dramatic lighting effects and detailed observation. He admired the Dutch Masters—their mastery of light and shadow, their ability to elevate everyday life to artful significance—and elements of this influence can be seen in his compositions and use of color.
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Француз Born in Баніюль-сюр-Мер Классическая скульптура, Символизм Wikipedia in 26/32 languages
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Француз Born in Париж Барбізонська школа, попередник імпресіонізму Wikipedia in 28/32 languages
He studied under Jean-Victor Bertin, Jacques Raymond Brascassat, and Paul Delaroche. In 1835, a small scholarship allowed him to leave Paris for Italy. This commitment to observing the world as it appeared, rather than how it was traditionally taught, helped establish the Barbizon School.
Where to see Walking through the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, one finds much of his output.
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Француз Born in Гренобль Реалізм та символізм Wikipedia in 25/32 languages
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Француз Born in Ліон Символізм Wikipedia in 24/32 languages
Pierre Cécile Puvis de Chavannes, a name often simply rendered as Puvis de Chavannes, occupies a unique and pivotal position in 19th-century French art. His influence on subsequent artists, particularly those aligned with Symbolism and Art Nouveau, is undeniable, and his collaborative spirit extended to working alongside medallists, offering designs and insightful suggestions.
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Французька Born in Бордо Реалізм, Живопис тварин Wikipedia in 24/32 languages
Rosa Bonheur's artistic style wasn’t about romanticizing animals; it was about portraying them with unwavering honesty and detail. She eschewed sentimentality, opting instead for a scientific approach to her subjects. Beyond her artistic contributions, Bonheur's life story serves as a powerful example of female empowerment and artistic independence.
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Француз Born in Санліс Романтизм і Реалізм Wikipedia in 23/32 languages
The canvas pulsates with an unrestrained energy, figures draped in sumptuous fabrics amidst crumbling ruins—a calculated juxtaposition designed to mirror the perceived decadence gripping contemporary France under the Second Republic. Critics hailed Romans During the Decadence for its boldness and originality, cementing Couture's reputation as a leading artist and establishing him as a formidable force within the Parisian art scene. Thomas Couture (1815–1879) was a pivotal French Romantic & Realism painter renowned for historical scenes like ‘Romans During the Decadence.’ Influential teacher of Manet, Fantin-Latour & Puvis de Chavannes.
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Француз Born in Валансьєнн Реалізм, Динамізм Wikipedia in 22/32 languages
Surrounded by the monumental masterpieces of Michelangelo, Donatello, and Verrocchio, he absorbed their mastery of anatomy, composition, and, crucially, the ability to imbue sculpture with intense emotional power. However, rather than simply replicating these Renaissance giants, Carpeaux embarked on a path of independent innovation, deliberately rejecting the rigid formality that often characterized Neoclassical sculpture. Despite facing financial hardships and enduring significant health challenges in later life, Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux remained relentlessly dedicated to his craft until his untimely death in 1875.
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Німецький Born in Лейпциг Символізм Wikipedia in 22/32 languages
Klinger’s artistic development was shaped by a confluence of influences – from the meticulous realism of Menzel and Goya to the evocative symbolism of Japanese woodblock prints and the philosophical ideas of Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche.
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Британський Born in Кале Прерафаелізм Wikipedia in 22/32 languages
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Японець Born in Едо Укійо-е Wikipedia in 15/32 languages
Musha Burui. Сто аспектів місяця. Нові подоби тридцяти шести духів.
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Нідерландський Born in Латтроп Предтеча імпресіонізму Wikipedia in 19/32 languages
Jongkind entered the studios of Eugène Isabey and François-Édouard Picot, immersing himself in the French art scene. He quickly gained recognition, exhibiting at the Salon as early as 1848, earning praise from influential critics like Charles Baudelaire and Émile Zola. His work can be found in prominent museums such as the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam and the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, testaments to his enduring artistic merit.
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Індійський Born in Кілманоор Академічний та індыйський синтез Wikipedia in 22/32 languages
Raja Ravi Varma, a name that echoes through the halls of Indian art history, was more than just a painter; he was a cultural architect who skillfully blended European academic techniques with the vibrant soul of Hindu mythology. Museums like The Raja Ravi Varma Heritage Foundation in Bangalore and The Ganesh Shivaswamy Foundation preserve and celebrate his art, ensuring that his vision endures for future generations.
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Німець Born in Любек Назарейство, романтизм Wikipedia in 21/32 languages
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Born in Париж Wikipedia in 31/32 languages
Quand j’étais photographe: Опублікував мемуари, у яких роздумував про своє життя та творчість, що дають цінне розуміння фотографії XIX століття. Історичне значення: Інноваційні техніки та художнє бачення Надара глибоко вплинули на розвиток фотографії як виду мистецтва. Його портрети залишаються культовими образами паризьких інтелектуальних та мистецьких кіл.
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Росія Born in Лоп'ял Національно-романтичний стиль Wikipedia in 29/32 languages
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Шведський Born in Мора Імпресіонізм Wikipedia in 28/32 languages
His time spent with artists like Albert Edelfelt in Paris exposed him to new ideas and techniques, but he always remained true to his own artistic instincts. His paintings from this period, such as “A Fisherman in St Ives,” demonstrate a newfound confidence and mastery of the medium. While Zorn’s style is often categorized as Impressionistic, it was far from a simple imitation of French trends.
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Прусский Born in Нойруппін Неоклассицизм и Готический ревиваль Wikipedia in 30/32 languages
Witnessing Caspar David Friedrich’s iconic Wanderer above the Sea of Fog, Schinkel experienced a moment of profound self-assessment. This was not merely a change of vocation but a testament to Schinkel's intellectual honesty and unwavering devotion to pursuing where his true talents resided—a decision rooted in an acute awareness of artistic potential and a desire for creative fulfillment. However, a pivotal juncture arrived during an exhibition in Berlin in 1810—an encounter that irrevocably altered his trajectory.
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Француз Born in Монпельє Академічний реалізм Wikipedia in 26/32 languages
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Італієць Born in Венеція Італійський романтизм Wikipedia in 27/32 languages
«Папа Урбан II проповідує перший хрестовий похід на площі Клермонфуртській».
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Фiнський Born in Порі Нацiональний романтизм Wikipedia in 26/32 languages
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Грузин Born in Мірзаані Примітивізм, наївне мистецтво Wikipedia in 27/32 languages
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Італійський Born in Ліворно Маччіайолі, Плен-еер Wikipedia in 17/32 languages
After 1880, Fattori found himself increasingly drawn to the Maremma region, a wild and untamed landscape south of Florence. He also dedicated considerable energy to etching after 1884, demonstrating his versatility as an artist and exploring new avenues for expressing his artistic vision. Giovanni Costa's innovative approach to depicting contemporary life also resonated deeply with Fattori.
Signature works
A timeline
Figures
| Франція | 47 |
|---|---|
| Сполучене Королівство | 8 |
| Німеччина | 6 |
| Сполучені Штати Америки | 5 |
| Італія | 4 |
| Нідерланди | 3 |
| Росія | 3 |
| Швеція | 3 |
| 1770s | 6 |
|---|---|
| 1780s | 3 |
| 1790s | 7 |
| 1800s | 2 |
| 1810s | 8 |
| 1820s | 16 |
| 1830s | 17 |
| 1840s | 15 |
| 1850s | 6 |
| 1860s | 20 |
| Музей д’Орсе | 19 |
|---|---|
| Метрополітен-музей | 11 |
| Лувр | 6 |
| Національна галерея | 6 |
| Art Institute of Chicago | 5 |
| Музей сучасного мистецтва (MoMA) | 4 |
| Alte Nationalgalerie | 4 |
| Толедський музей мистецтв | 4 |
Every name
Questions
First place goes to Вінсент Ван Гог (#1); Клод Моне (#2) and Поль Сезанн (#3) complete the podium.
Вінсент Ван Гог (#1), Клод Моне (#2), Поль Сезанн (#3), Анрі Матісс (#4) and Кандінський Василь Васильович (#5).
The earliest-born painter in this list is Бертель Торвальдсен (#76), born in 1770.
The highest-ranked painters born in Сполучене Королівство are Вільям Тернер (#12), Джон Констебл (#24), Данте Габрієль Россетті (#29), Фредерік Лейтон (#48) and Джон Еверетт Мілле (#57).
Франція: 47 of the 100 painters in this list were born there, then Сполучене Королівство (8) and Німеччина (6).
The museums holding the most key works of this list are Музей д’Орсе (19), Метрополітен-музей (11) and Лувр (6).
This list includes 6 women: Хільма Аф Клінт (#20), Берта Морізо (#23), Мері Кассат (#44), Сюзанна Валадон (#66), Кете Кольвіц (#68) and Роза Бонер (#81).
The highest-ranked painters born in Франція are Клод Моне (#2), Поль Сезанн (#3), Анрі Матісс (#4), Поль Ґоґен (#7) and Едуар Мане (#8).
Париж: 16 of the painters in this list were born there.
Most painters in this list were born in the 1860s (20 of 100), between 1770 and 1869 overall.
“Influence of Old Masters: He drew inspiration from Baroque masters like Rubens, Titian, and Velázquez, adopting their techniques for dramatic lighting and expressive brushwork.” — from our biography of Теодор Жеріко (#18).
Our catalogue holds 55,316 works by these painters.
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