Portret Јозеф Симлер

Slike umetnika Јозеф Симлер: Najpoznatijih 67 kroz oči galerije

Ažurirano: октобар 2026 · rangirano prema našem koeficijentu popularnosti (pretrage, posete i porudžbine za svako delo) · 67 dela Јозеф Симлер u našem katalogu

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Za ljubitelje galerije, najpoznatije delo umetnika Јозеф Симлер je Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan (1846), čiji se original nalazi u muzeju Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava. Portrait of Field-Marshal Count Fiodor (Friedrich Wilhelm) Berg (1867) i Portrait of Teresa Kicka (1841) čine triju koju svako oko prepoznaje. Od 67 dela umetnika Јозеф Симлер u našem katalogu, galerija u nastavku predstavlja 67 najpoznatijih dela, od kojih je svako originalno, sa navedenom godinom nastanka, muzejom i onim što ga čini jedinstvenim.

1823 – 1868, Варшава Academic realism Najviše dela: Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi

Top 10 slika umetnika Јозеф Симлер u galeriji

1
Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan (1846) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan

1846 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava

The air in the room feels heavy with the scent of old velvet and the cooling warmth of a dying sun. A man leans against a cold stone pillar, his posture a delicate balance of aristocratic poise and a quiet, poetic melancholy. He is not merely a man, but a character caught in a moment of theatrical stillness, embodying the legendary Don Juan. The light, streaming in from the left,…

2
Portrait of Field-Marshal Count Fiodor (Friedrich Wilhelm) Berg (1867) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of Field-Marshal Count Fiodor (Friedrich Wilhelm) Berg

1867 · Oil On Canvas · Ermitaž, Sankt Peterburg

The air in the room feels heavy with the weight of authority as Field-Marshal Count Fiodor Berg occupies the center of the frame. He stands with a quiet, commanding presence, his figure anchored by the deep shadows of a grand, 19th-century interior. A dark blue military uniform clings to him, its surface catching the light where gold buttons and medals glint against the fabric. The bright red of his trousers…

3
Portrait of Teresa Kicka (1841) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of Teresa Kicka

1841 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava

The air in the room feels heavy and still, as if time itself has paused to respect the dignity of the woman before us. Teresa Kicka sits in a quiet, formal poise, her gaze meeting the observer with a steady, unblinking clarity. She is draped in a garment of deep burgundy velvet, a color so saturated it seems to absorb the very light around it. The fabric possesses a palpable…

4
Portrait of Ksawery Skrzyński (1852) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of Ksawery Skrzyński

1852 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava

This 1852 oil portrait presents a middle-aged man in a moment of quiet contemplation. Captured in an oval format, the subject is positioned from the waist up, his gaze directed toward the viewer with a calm, steady expression. The composition relies on a controlled, directional light source from the upper left, which carves the contours of his face and creates a sense of physical volume. Dark, muted tones dominate the…

5
Portrait of Julia Bock (1861) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of Julia Bock

1861 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava

The room falls into a heavy, respectful silence as Julia Bock sits before us, her presence commanding the space through a quiet, aristocratic dignity. She is draped in voluminous black silk and satin, the fabric catching the light in deep, sweeping folds that suggest both weight and a slow, rhythmic movement. A stark white lace collar and cuffs frame her face and hands, creating a sharp, luminous contrast against the…

6
Nikodem Biernacki (1860) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Nikodem Biernacki

1860 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava

A profound stillness settles over the room as we encounter Nikodem Biernacki. Seated in a three-quarter pose, the man holds a stringed instrument—perhaps a cello or a violin—with a grace that suggests the music has only just ceased or is about to begin. The composition is contained within a soft oval, focusing all attention on the sitter and his instrument. Dark, earthy tones of deep brown and black dominate the…

7
Portrait of Ludwik Mycielski (1865) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of Ludwik Mycielski

1865 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu, Krakov

In this 1865 oil on canvas, we find ourselves in a quiet, misty forest, where the atmosphere is thick with the scent of damp earth and evergreen. The subject, Ludwik Mycielski, is positioned with a quiet authority, standing amidst the vertical lines of the trees. He is a man of status, perhaps a soldier or a nobleman, holding a saber at his side with a practiced ease. His attire is…

8
Portrait of colonel Konstanty Fiszer (1863) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of colonel Konstanty Fiszer

1863 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava

In this 1863 oil on canvas, we encounter Colonel Konstanty Fiszer, a man whose very posture commands the space he occupies. He is depicted in mid-to-late adulthood, his white hair and mustache catching the light against a somber, dark background. There is a quiet authority in the way he holds his walking cane and a folded document, suggesting a life defined by duty and formal decorum. The composition is vertical,…

9
Portrait of Kronenberg sisters (Maria Róża and Róża Maria Karolina) with a dog (1860) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of Kronenberg sisters (Maria Róża and Róża Maria Karolina) with a dog

1860 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava

The composition is a vertical arrangement of three primary subjects: two young girls and a large dog. One girl stands, holding a leash, while the second girl sits on the floor, cradling a doll. A large, black, long-haired dog is positioned beside them. The scene is set within a staged environment featuring a heavy, rectangular pedestal and a draped velvet curtain. In the foreground, fruit is placed upon the floor.…

10
Portrait of Katarzyna Jahn, artist's sister. (1849) čiji je Јозеф Симлер

Portrait of Katarzyna Jahn, artist's sister.

1849 · Oil On Canvas · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava

In this 1849 oil on canvas, Józef Simmler turns his gaze toward the intimate sphere of family, capturing his sister, Katarzyna Jahn. The composition follows a traditional three-quarter view, positioning her from the waist up against a dark, atmospheric backdrop that pushes her figure into the foreground. A soft, directional light enters from the upper left, sculpting the contours of her face and the delicate architecture of her neck. This…

Slike umetnika Јозеф Симлер, rangirane od 11 do 67

11Nobleman with a Parrot (1859) čiji je Јозеф СимлерNobleman with a Parrot1859 · Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 12Portrait of Dr. Teodor Teutold-Tripplin, traveler. (1852) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Dr. Teodor Teutold-Tripplin, traveler.1852 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 13Portrait of Julia Simmlerowa née Hoeggenstaller, artist's wife. (1863) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Julia Simmlerowa née Hoeggenstaller, artist's wife.1863 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 14Portrait of Aleksander Waszkowski, member of the National Government in 1863 (1864) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Aleksander Waszkowski, member of the National Government in 18631864 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 15Portrait of countess Róża Sobańska (1867) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of countess Róża Sobańska1867 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 16Study of a male nude. (1841) čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy of a male nude.1841 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 17Wacław's farewell to Maria (1848) čiji je Јозеф СимлерWacław's farewell to Maria1848 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 18Portrait of Jakub Simmler, artist’s father (1847) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Jakub Simmler, artist’s father1847 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 19Male nude study (1841) čiji je Јозеф СимлерMale nude study1841 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 20Portrait study of a lady. (1855) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait study of a lady.1855 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 21Portrait of Miss Pisarzowska (1852) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Miss Pisarzowska1852 · Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 22Portrait of Jan Reszke (1862) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Jan Reszke1862 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 23Portrait of Mrs. Skwarcowa (1855) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Mrs. Skwarcowa1855 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 24Entombment of Christ, sketch for a painting (1850) čiji je Јозеф СимлерEntombment of Christ, sketch for a painting1850 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 25Portrait of Antoni Kruszewski, prelate (1850) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Antoni Kruszewski, prelate1850 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 26Portrait of Juliusz Kossak (1860) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Juliusz Kossak1860 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 27Portrait of Aleksandra Zatlerowa. (1862) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Aleksandra Zatlerowa.1862 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 28Martyrdom of Josaphat Kuntsevych (1861) čiji je Јозеф СимлерMartyrdom of Josaphat Kuntsevych1861 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 29Catherine Jagiellon and her son Sigismund in Gripsholm prison (1859) čiji je Јозеф СимлерCatherine Jagiellon and her son Sigismund in Gripsholm prison1859 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 30Portrait of Matylda Wernerowa. (1858) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Matylda Wernerowa.1858 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 31Catherine Jagiellon with her son Sigismund imprisoned in the Gripshom Castle (sketch) (1859) čiji je Јозеф СимлерCatherine Jagiellon with her son Sigismund imprisoned in the Gripshom Castle (sketch)1859 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 32Wacław's farewell to Maria (1856) čiji je Јозеф СимлерWacław's farewell to Maria1856 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 33Portrait of a man (1856) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of a man1856 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 34Portrait of Capuchin Beniamin Szymański (1856) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Capuchin Beniamin Szymański1856 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 35Boy at breakfast (1856) čiji je Јозеф СимлерBoy at breakfast1856 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 36Queen Jadwiga's oath. (1867) čiji je Јозеф СимлерQueen Jadwiga's oath.1867 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 37Portrait of Emilia Włodkowska (1865) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Emilia Włodkowska1865 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 38Sketch for “Crucifixion” (1868) čiji je Јозеф СимлерSketch for “Crucifixion”1868 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 39Portrait of Maurycy Brauman (1866) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Maurycy Brauman1866 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 40Portrait of Julia Simmler, artist's daughter (1864) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Julia Simmler, artist's daughter1864 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 41Portrait of Emilia Mielżyńska née Bnińska (1866) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Emilia Mielżyńska née Bnińska1866 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 42Portrait of Emilia Reszke (1862) čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Emilia Reszke1862 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 43Portrait of Mrs. Kruszewska née Komorowska čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Mrs. Kruszewska née KomorowskaNacionalni muzej u Varšavi 44Study of the hands of Sigismund Augustus for the painting “Death of Barbara Radziwiłł” (1860) čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy of the hands of Sigismund Augustus for the painting “Death of Barbara Radziwiłł”1860 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi 45Jaśko of Tenczyn. Study to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga" čiji je Јозеф СимлерJaśko of Tenczyn. Study to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 46Sketch to the Painting "Three Marys Walking to Christ's Tomb " čiji je Јозеф СимлерSketch to the Painting "Three Marys Walking to Christ's Tomb "Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 47Study of the Amor Figure to the Painting "Wedding Procession of Amor and Psyche" čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy of the Amor Figure to the Painting "Wedding Procession of Amor and Psyche"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 48Study to the Painting "The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł" – Head of Quinn Barbara čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy to the Painting "The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł" – Head of Quinn BarbaraNacionalni muzej u Krakovu 49Figures of Armoured Guards. Study to the Painting "Catherine Jagiellon in Gripsholm Prison" čiji je Јозеф СимлерFigures of Armoured Guards. Study to the Painting "Catherine Jagiellon in Gripsholm Prison"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 50The Entombment čiji je Јозеф СимлерThe EntombmentNacionalni muzej u Krakovu 51Portrait of a lady čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of a ladyNacionalni muzej u Varšavi 52Portrait study čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait studyNacionalni muzej u Varšavi 53Portrait of Teofil Lenartowicz, poet and sculptor čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of Teofil Lenartowicz, poet and sculptorNacionalni muzej u Varšavi 54Portrait of a man čiji je Јозеф СимлерPortrait of a manNacionalni muzej u Varšavi 55The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł čiji je Јозеф СимлерThe Death of Barbara RadziwiłłNarodni muzej u Varšavi 56Quinn's Attire and a Drapery. Studies to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga" čiji je Јозеф СимлерQuinn's Attire and a Drapery. Studies to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 57Study of Both Hands of the Bishop for the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga" čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy of Both Hands of the Bishop for the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 58Study (I) of Both Hands of the Bishop to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga" čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy (I) of Both Hands of the Bishop to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 59Study of Władysław Jagiełło's Garment to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga" čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy of Władysław Jagiełło's Garment to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 60Jaśko of Tęczyn's Garment. Study to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga" čiji je Јозеф СимлерJaśko of Tęczyn's Garment. Study to the Painting "The Oath of Queen Jadwiga"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 61Study of a Lady with a Lute's Robe. Study to the Painting "Upbringing of Sigismund Augustus" čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy of a Lady with a Lute's Robe. Study to the Painting "Upbringing of Sigismund Augustus"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 62Study of a Brocade Hanging čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy of a Brocade HangingNacionalni muzej u Krakovu 63Study of Quinn Barbara's Arm to the Painting "The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł" čiji je Јозеф СимлерStudy of Quinn Barbara's Arm to the Painting "The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 64Sleeves of King's  Attire. Study to the Painting "The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł" čiji je Јозеф СимлерSleeves of King's Attire. Study to the Painting "The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 65Sketch to the Painting "Three Marys Walking to Christ's Tomb" čiji je Јозеф СимлерSketch to the Painting "Three Marys Walking to Christ's Tomb"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 66Fragment of the Cover of Quinn's Bed. Study to the Painting "The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł" čiji je Јозеф СимлерFragment of the Cover of Quinn's Bed. Study to the Painting "The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł"Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu 67La Mort de Barbara Radziwiłł by Józef Simmler (1860) čiji je Јозеф СимлерLa Mort de Barbara Radziwiłł by Józef Simmler1860 · Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi

Motivi koji su privlačili pažnju Јозеф Симлер

Četiri teme koje se najčešće ponavljaju u ovim originalima, svaka sa svojim vrhunskim primerom.

Muzeji u kojima se čuvaju originalna dela umetnika Јозеф Симлер

4 muzeja u kojima se nalazi najviše slika sa ove stranice.

Muzej Grad Radovi umetnika Јозеф Симлер Slike iz ovog spiska
Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, VaršavaNacionalni muzej u Varšavi Varšava 45 Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan, Portrait of Teresa Kicka, Portrait of Ksawery Skrzyński
Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu, KrakovNacionalni muzej u Krakovu Krakov 20 Portrait of Ludwik Mycielski, Nobleman with a Parrot, Portrait of Miss Pisarzowska
Ermitaž, Sankt PeterburgErmitaž Sankt Peterburg 1 Portrait of Field-Marshal Count Fiodor (Friedrich Wilhelm) Berg
Narodni muzej u Varšavi, VaršavaNarodni muzej u Varšavi Varšava 1 The Death of Barbara Radziwiłł

Јозеф Симлер, jedno autentično delo po deceniji

Radovi po decenijama

Izaberite deceniju da biste videli original koji je definiše.

Slike umetnika Јозеф Симлер: odgovori galerije

Koja je najpoznatija slika umetnika Јозеф Симлер?Otkrij odgovor

Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan (1846), Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava. Slede Portrait of Field-Marshal Count Fiodor (Friedrich Wilhelm) Berg (1867) i Portrait of Teresa Kicka (1841).

Koliko je godina imao/la Јозеф Симлер kada je dovršio/la Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan?Otkrij odgovor

23 godina: Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan datira iz 1846, a Јозеф Симлер je rođen/a 1823.

Koja su najbolja 10 dela umetnika Јозеф Симлер?Otkrij odgovor

Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan, Portrait of Field-Marshal Count Fiodor (Friedrich Wilhelm) Berg, Portrait of Teresa Kicka, Portrait of Ksawery Skrzyński, Portrait of Julia Bock, Nikodem Biernacki, Portrait of Ludwik Mycielski, Portrait of colonel Konstanty Fiszer, Portrait of Kronenberg sisters (Maria Róża and Róża Maria Karolina) with a dog i Portrait of Katarzyna Jahn, artist's sister.. Gornji rang pokazuje godinu i muzej za svako od njih.

Koliko je dela stvorio/la Јозеф Симлер?Otkrij odgovor

Naš katalog sadrži 67 dela umetnika Јозеф Симлер, datiranih od 1841 do 1868.

Gde se nalaze najpoznatiji originali umetnika Јозеф Симлер?Otkrij odgovor

Većinom u Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi (Varšava), Nacionalni muzej u Krakovu (Krakov) i Ermitaž (Sankt Peterburg). Tabela muzeja iznad sadrži njih sve.

Kada je Јозеф Симлер stvorio svoje najpoznatije slike?Otkrij odgovor

U 1860s: 22 od 67 dela na ovoj stranici nastalo je tada, od čega je Portrait of Field-Marshal Count Fiodor (Friedrich Wilhelm) Berg.

Koja su najranija i najkasnija poznata dela umetnika Јозеф Симлер?Otkrij odgovor

Na ovoj stranici, najstarije delo je iz Portrait of Teresa Kicka (1841), a najnovije iz Sketch for “Crucifixion” (1868).

Kojim se motivima Јозеф Симлер najčešće bavio?Otkrij odgovor

Man (10), Woman (7) i Lace (4), kroz svih 67 dela na ovoj stranici.

U kojoj je tehnici najviše radio/la Јозеф Симлер?Otkrij odgovor

Oil On Canvas, za 19 od 67 dela na ovoj stranici.

Sa kojim umetničkim pravcem je Јозеф Симлер povezan/a?Otkrij odgovor

Academic realism, sudeći po originalima na ovoj stranici.

Koje originale umetnika Јозеф Симлер poseduje Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi?Otkrij odgovor

Portrait of singer Wilhelm Troszel as Don Juan, Portrait of Teresa Kicka i Portrait of Ksawery Skrzyński: Nacionalni muzej u Varšavi, Varšava čuva 45 dela sa ove stranice.

Јозеф Симлер: umetnik

rani život i obrazovanje

Józef Simmler, čuveni poljski slikar, rođen je 14. marta 1823. godine u Varšavi, u Poljskoj. Njegovo imućno detinjstvo, koje mu je omogućila bogata nemačka protestantska porodica, pružilo mu je dragocenu priliku da svoje umetničke težnje ostvari u najprestižnijim evropskim centrima kao što su Dresden, Minhen i Pariz.

umetnički doprinos

Simmlerovo najslavnije delo, "Smrt Barbare Radziwillowne", ulje na platnu završeno 1860. godine, steklo je ogroman rejting čim je izloženo od strane varšavskog društva za promociju lepih umetnosti 1861. godine. Ovo remek-delo danas se čuva u Narodnom muzeju u Varšavi. Među drugim značajnim radovima izdvajaju se "Deca kralja Edvarda" (1847) i "Portret plemića sa papagajem" (1859).

umetnički stil i značaj

Glavni doprinos Simmlera polskoj umetnosti leži u dubokoj ljudskosti koju njegova dela izazivaju. Kao nadaren portretista, koristio je stil francuske kostimističke slike kako bi kreirao dela koja nude prozir odgled u prošlost. Ipak, njegova remek-dela prevazilaze puke istorijske reprodukcije; ona prenose duboke emocije saosećanja, straha i nežnosti.

nasleđe

Simmlerovo nasleđe se proteže daleko izvan okvira njegove umetnosti; njegove porodične veze su takođe veoma značajne. Šurac njegove ćerke bio je Eduard Strasburger, čuveni poljsko-nemački botaničar, dok je jedan od Simmlerovih unuka, Henryk Leon Strasburger, služio kao polski delegat u Ligi nacija.

istražite više Simmlerovih dela


Posetite Simmlerovu stranicu na OriginalUniqueArt.com za obimnu kolekciju njegovih umetničkih radova: [https://OriginalUniqueArt.com/@/józef_simmler](https://OriginalUniqueArt.com/@/józef_simmler)
Saznajte više o polskoj umetnosti i njenim majstorima u Muzeju u Varšavi (Varšava, Poljska), predstavljenom na blogu OriginalUniqueArt: [https://OriginalUniqueArt.com/@@/a@d3ap2f](https://OriginalUniqueArt.com/@@/a@d3ap2f)
Informišite se o Narodnom muzeju u Varšavi i njegovoj kolekciji, koja uključuje Simmlerovu "Smrt Barbare Radziwillowne", putem Wikipedije: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/national_museum,_warsaw](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/national_museum,_warsaw) Važno: ovaj članak je zasnovan na dostupnim informacijama sa sajtova OriginalUniqueArt.com i wikipedia.org.