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Student Artwork Guide

Lying Bull

Name Class Date

Franz Marc, Lying Bull (1913). Public domain. See this canvas under a moving light: the drawing, the true colour under the varnish, the bare pigment

The facts

Artist
Franz Marc originaluniqueart.com/en/artists/franz-marc/
Artist’s dates
1880 – 1916
Painted
1913
Medium
Oil On Canvas
Movement
German Expressionism Colour and shape deliberately distorted so the picture shows an emotion rather than a likeness.
Artistic style
Abstract, Vibrant
Influences
Van Gogh
Notable elements
Checkered pattern
Subject or theme
Animal spirit

In context

Lying Bull — Franz Marc

When was this painted?

  1. 1880
  2. 1890
  3. 1900
  4. 1910

Row above: the years. Row below: how old the artist was at the start and at the end of each span — 0 at birth, 36 at death.

Painted when the artist was 33. The artist lived to 36. 204 of the 349 dated works by this artist in our catalogue came earlier.

Shaded: the lifetime of Franz Marc (1880–1916) ▲ this work, 1913 every dated painting, decade by decade

Compare with

Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.

More works to set beside this one: originaluniqueart.com/en/art/similar/franz-marc-lying-bull-8YDENV-en/

Colours

Measured from the image

    Main colour

    Celadon #bdbba9

    Catalogued palette

    • #BDBBA9
    • #4E392F
    • #AC6634
    • #564890

    These colours inside the artist’s whole palette Find other paintings by colour

    Palette
    Dark The dominant colour family in the image.
    Main colour name
    Celadon
    Intensity
    Vivid How saturated and varied the colours are, from a single toned-down hue to many bright ones.
    Contrast
    Bold How much the colours differ in lightness and saturation across the picture.
    Harmony
    Discordant Palette How well the colours work together, from clashing to fully unified.
    Brightness
    Bright How light or dark the picture reads overall, from deep shadow to bright highlight.
    Saturation
    Clear Color Presence How pure and strong the colours are, from near-grey to fully vivid.

    Where in the world is this painting looked at?

    • under 1%
    • 1–3%
    • 3–8%
    • 8–20%
    • 20% and over
    This painting alone has too few recorded visitors to map, so the plate reads every work by Franz Marc over the last twelve months — 50 countries in all. Where these figures come from

    The ten leading countries

    1. 1 China 49.1%46,400 visits
    2. 2 United States of America 8.5%8,000 visits
    3. 3 Singapore 7.4%7,000 visits
    4. 4 Hong Kong 6.5%6,100 visits
    5. 5 Germany 5.8%5,500 visits
    6. 6 Italy 3.4%3,200 visits
    7. 7 France 2.4%2,300 visits
    8. 8 United Kingdom 2.2%2,100 visits
    9. 9 Spain 2.0%1,900 visits
    10. 10 Argentina 1.4%1,300 visits
    11. · 40 other countries 11.3%10,700 visits

    Find the three darkest countries on the map. Is the museum that keeps this painting in any of them? Write down one reason people far away might look at it.

    The 20 most looked-at works by Franz Marc

    1. 1 The Large Blue Horses, 1911 8.9%11,700 visits
    2. 2 Grazing Horses IV (also known as The Red Horses), 1911 2.7%3,500 visits
    3. 3 Flock of Sheep II, 1908 2.3%3,000 visits
    4. 4 The White Cat (also known as Tom Cat on Yellow Pillow), 1912 2.0%2,600 visits
    5. 5 Tyrol, 1914 1.9%2,500 visits
    6. 6 Tiger, 1912 1.9%2,500 visits
    7. 7 Dreaming Horse 1.2%1,600 visits
    8. 8 The Fear of the Hare, 1912 1.0%1,300 visits
    9. 9 Tiger 0.9%1,200 visits
    10. 10 The Enchanted Mill, 1913 0.9%1,200 visits
    11. 11 Tiger in Jungle, 1912 0.9%1,200 visits
    12. 12 Animal legend, 1912 0.9%1,200 visits
    13. 13 Dog Lying in the Snow, 1911 0.8%1,100 visits
    14. 14 Mountain Goats, 1913 0.8%1,100 visits
    15. 15 The Wolves (also known as Balkan War), 1913 0.8%1,100 visits
    16. 16 Three Animals (Dog, Fox and Cat), 1912 0.8%1,000 visits
    17. 17 Nudes in the Open Air (also known as Nudes under Trees), 1911 0.8%1,000 visits
    18. 18 Fighting Forms, 1914 0.8%1,000 visits
    19. 19 Fate of the Animals, 1913 0.8%1,000 visits
    20. 137 Lying Bull, 1913 this painting 0.2%300 visits

    Together these works take 31.3% of all the attention this artist's paintings received over the last twelve months. The catalogue holds 440 works by this artist, of which 320 were looked at at least once. This painting ranks 137 of them, with 0.2% of that attention (300 visits). The same counts, month by month

    Bars measure attention, not quality. Pick the work at the top and this one: name one thing that might make a painting famous beyond how well it is painted.

    About this artwork

    Lying Bull — Franz Marc

    A Moment of Serene Intensity: Franz Marc’s “Lying Bull”

    Franz Marc's "Lying Bull," painted in 1913, isn’t merely a depiction of an animal; it’s a profound distillation of the Expressionist spirit—a yearning for connection with nature and a glimpse into the soul. This arresting work, rendered in vibrant blues and reds, immediately commands attention, drawing the viewer into a world where form and color coalesce to evoke a powerful emotional response. Marc, deeply influenced by his spiritual explorations and his fascination with the animal kingdom as symbols of primal instinct and innocence, sought to capture not just what he saw, but what he felt—a sentiment powerfully realized in this iconic piece.

    The Language of Color and Form: Expressionist Technique

    “Lying Bull” exemplifies Marc’s signature style. He abandoned traditional representational techniques, opting instead for a bold simplification of shapes and an intense use of color to convey emotion. The bull itself is rendered with broad, almost childlike strokes, its form dissolving into the surrounding space. The checkered pattern in the background isn't merely decorative; it creates a sense of disorientation and movement, mirroring the internal turmoil often associated with the Expressionist movement. Marc’s deliberate flattening of perspective and his rejection of realistic detail were revolutionary for his time, prioritizing the expression of inner experience over objective observation. Notice how the blue dominates, suggesting tranquility and perhaps even melancholy, while the strategic bursts of red inject a vital energy into the composition – a life force struggling to be expressed.

    Symbolism in the Primal Image: The Bull’s Significance

    The bull holds immense symbolic weight within Marc's oeuvre and, more broadly, within Western art. Often associated with strength, fertility, and virility, it also represents a connection to the earth and the ancient world. Here, however, the bull is not depicted as a powerful predator but rather in a state of repose—lying down, almost vulnerable. This posture suggests introspection, contemplation, or perhaps even surrender. The two apples nestled within the composition further amplify this symbolism. Apples are universally associated with knowledge, temptation, and the fall from grace – elements that resonate deeply within Marc’s spiritual quest for understanding. They introduce a layer of complexity to the scene, hinting at the duality inherent in human existence.

    A Window into 1913: Context and Emotional Resonance

    “Lying Bull” was created during a period of immense social and political upheaval—the cusp of World War I. The Expressionist movement, with its focus on subjective experience and emotional intensity, served as a powerful response to the anxieties and uncertainties of the era. Marc’s work reflects this climate, capturing a sense of unease and longing for something beyond the immediate reality. The painting's quietude, despite the vibrant colors, speaks volumes about the artist’s desire for peace and spiritual renewal—a sentiment tragically cut short by his untimely death in 1916. The reproduction offered by WahooArt.com allows you to bring this powerful piece into your own space, experiencing its emotional depth firsthand.

    Artist: Franz Marc

    Year: 1913

    Style: Expressionism

    Medium: Oil on Canvas (Hand-Painted Reproduction Available)

    Dimensions: (Available in various sizes – inquire for details)

    Explore the captivating world of Franz Marc and acquire a stunning, hand-painted reproduction of “Lying Bull” today. Browse our collection now.

    Artist and museum

    Artist

    Franz Marc

    Born in Munich, Germany

    A Life Immersed in Color and Spirit

    Franz Moritz Wilhelm Marc, born in Munich in 1880, was a painter whose brief but intensely focused career irrevocably altered the course of German Expressionism. His story is one of profound spiritual seeking translated into a vibrant visual language, a quest to understand the essence of life through the purity he found in the natural world—particularly within the animal kingdom. Initially influenced by his father, Wilhelm Marc, a landscape painter, young Franz’s artistic path wasn't immediately certain. He briefly considered theology, grappling with questions of faith and existence before ultimately dedicating himself to art at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich. These early explorations into religious thought would remain deeply embedded within his work, shaping his belief that art could be a conduit for spiritual experience. His academic training provided him with technical foundations, but it was encounters with the works of Vincent van Gogh during visits to Paris that truly ignited his artistic vision. Van Gogh’s emotive use of color and raw expression resonated profoundly with Marc, liberating him from conventional techniques and setting him on a path toward a more subjective and emotionally charged style.

    The Blue Rider and a New Artistic Vision

    Marc's artistic development wasn’t solitary; it flourished within the dynamic context of early 20th-century Munich. He experimented with various artist groups, including the Neue Künstlervereinigung München, before co-founding Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider) in 1911 alongside Wassily Kandinsky. This wasn’t merely a group or an exhibition series; it was a philosophical and artistic revolution. Der Blaue Reiter sought to move beyond mere representation, aiming instead to express inner spiritual truths through abstraction and symbolic color. The journal of the same name became a platform for disseminating these ideas, showcasing not only their own work but also that of other forward-thinking artists and exploring diverse cultural influences from folk art to primitive sculpture. Marc’s contributions during this period were pivotal. He moved away from depicting landscapes as static scenes, instead focusing on animals—horses, deer, foxes—as vessels of spiritual energy. These weren't simply animal portraits; they were symbolic representations of innocence, harmony, and a connection to the natural world that he believed humanity had lost. The influence of Robert Delaunay’s exploration of abstract forms and vibrant colors further propelled Marc toward simplification and heightened emotional expression in his work. Paintings like The Tiger (1912) and Red Deer (1912) exemplify this shift, showcasing bold color choices and a growing focus on the inherent qualities of his subjects rather than realistic depiction.

    Symbolism, Color, and the Essence of Being

    Marc’s artistic style is immediately recognizable for its distinctive use of color and form. He didn't employ color descriptively; instead, he imbued it with symbolic meaning. Blue represented spirituality and masculinity, yellow signified joy and femininity, and red embodied violence and materiality. These weren’t arbitrary choices but a carefully constructed system designed to convey specific emotional and philosophical ideas. His animals aren’t merely subjects; they are embodiments of these concepts. The simplification of forms—reducing figures to their essential shapes—further emphasized the underlying spiritual essence he sought to capture. The Tower of Blue Horses (1913), sadly lost during World War II, is perhaps the most iconic example of this approach, a powerful and evocative composition that encapsulates his artistic vision. He believed animals possessed an inherent purity and connection to nature that humans had forfeited through societal constraints and intellectualization. By portraying them with such reverence and symbolic weight, Marc sought to remind viewers of this lost harmony and inspire a deeper appreciation for the natural world. His work wasn’t about depicting what he saw but rather how he felt—a deeply personal and spiritual response to his surroundings.

    A Tragic End and Lasting Legacy

    The outbreak of World War I in 1914 dramatically altered Marc's life and artistic trajectory. Despite seeking exemption due to his status as an artist, he was drafted into the German army, serving as a cavalryman. The horrors of war deeply affected him, yet even amidst the chaos, he continued to paint, finding solace and meaning in his art. Tragically, Franz Marc died on March 4, 1916, at the Battle of Verdun, a devastating loss for the art world. His untimely death cut short a career brimming with potential, but it also cemented his place as a pivotal figure in modern art history. His work continues to resonate today, influencing generations of artists and captivating audiences with its emotional depth and spiritual resonance. Marc’s paintings are exhibited in major museums worldwide, including the Lenbachhaus in Munich, which holds an extensive collection of his work. He is remembered not only as a pioneer of German Expressionism but also as a visionary artist who dared to explore the profound connection between art, spirituality, and the natural world—a legacy that continues to inspire awe and contemplation. His artistic vision remains a testament to the power of art to transcend the material realm and touch upon something deeper within the human spirit.

    Where to read more

    Find this online

    QR code linking to the download page for Lying Bull

    originaluniqueart.com/en/art/download/franz-marc-lying-bull-8YDENV-en/

    Cite this artwork

    MLA
    Marc, Franz. Lying Bull. 1913, https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/franz-marc-lying-bull-8YDENV-en/
    APA
    Marc, Franz (1913). Lying Bull [Painting]. https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/franz-marc-lying-bull-8YDENV-en/
    Chicago
    Franz Marc. Lying Bull. 1913. https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/franz-marc-lying-bull-8YDENV-en/
    Harvard
    Marc, Franz (1913) Lying Bull. Available at: https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/franz-marc-lying-bull-8YDENV-en/

    Look closely

    Lying Bull — Franz Marc

    Look closely

    Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.

    1. What catches your eye first, and why?
    2. Which colours or shapes create the mood — and what is that mood?
    3. Our catalogue files this work under: bull, expressionism, color. Do you agree? What would you add, or take away?
    4. Look back at The Large Blue Horses (1911), earlier in this guide. Name two things it shares with this work, and one that is different.
    5. German Expressionism: Colour and shape deliberately distorted so the picture shows an emotion rather than a likeness. Where can you see that in this work?

    Your response

    Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.

    Art quiz

    Lying Bull — Franz Marc

    How well do you know this artwork?

    Tick one answer for each of the 5 questions below. Each has exactly one correct answer.

    1. 1. What artistic movement is ‘Lying Bull’ primarily associated with?

      • A Impressionism
      • B Cubism
      • C Expressionism
    2. 2. The painting prominently features a checkered pattern. What does this likely symbolize within the context of the artwork?

      • A A depiction of a field
      • B An attempt to create chaos and disorder
      • C A representation of depth and visual interest
    3. 3. Which color combination is most striking in ‘Lying Bull’?

      • A Yellow and Green
      • B Blue and Red
      • C Purple and Orange
    4. 4. Franz Marc's work often explored themes related to:

      • A Political satire
      • B Urban landscapes
      • C Spiritual experience and the natural world
    5. 5. Where can art enthusiasts learn more about Franz Marc and his works?

      • A The Louvre Museum in Paris
      • B The Franz Marc Museum in Kochel am See, Germany
      • C The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York

    My score: ____ out of 5

    Answer key — for the teacher

    This starts a fresh printed page, so it can simply be left out of the copies.

    1C · 2C · 3B · 4C · 5B

    Check any answer against the catalogue record for this painting

    Questions & Answers

    What colors dominate "Lying Bull" by Franz Marc?

    "Lying Bull" by Franz Marc uses a dark palette, with celadon (#bdbba9) as the dominant color.

    Can I see "Lying Bull" by Franz Marc on my own wall before buying?

    "Lying Bull" by Franz Marc can be previewed on your own wall with the artwork's AR Preview page, using augmented reality on a compatible device.

    What feeling does "Lying Bull" by Franz Marc convey?

    "Lying Bull" by Franz Marc conveys a spiritual feeling within an overall calm mood.