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Student Artwork Guide

St Francis Praying

Name Class Date

El Greco, St Francis Praying (1580), Joslyn Art Museum. Public domain. See this canvas under a moving light: the drawing, the true colour under the varnish, the bare pigment

The facts

Artist
El Greco originaluniqueart.com/en/artists/el-greco/
Artist’s dates
1541 – 1614
Painted
1580
Medium
Oil On Canvas
Original size
116 x 102 cm
Period
Renaissance
Held at
Joslyn Art Museum originaluniqueart.com/en/museums/joslyn-art-museum-omaha/
Artistic style
El Greco’s distinctive Mannerist style
Influences
Byzantine Tradition; Venetian Art
Notable elements or techniques
Chiaroscuro; Dramatic Lighting
Subject or theme
Religious Devotion; Prayer

In context

St Francis Praying — El Greco

How big is it?

The original measures 116 × 102 cm (height × width), drawn here beside an adult of average height.

When was this painted?

  1. 1540
  2. 1550
  3. 1560
  4. 1570
  5. 1580
  6. 1590
  7. 1600
  8. 1610

Row above: the years. Row below: how old the artist was at the start and at the end of each span — 0 at birth, 73 at death.

Painted when the artist was 39. The artist lived to 73. 73 of the 344 dated works by this artist in our catalogue came earlier.

Shaded: the lifetime of El Greco (1541–1614) ▲ this work, 1580 every dated painting, decade by decade

First works: up to 1580 Main working years: 1580–1603 Late works: from 1603

Those three bands split the works this catalogue has a date for into a first quarter, a middle half and a last quarter. They are not the artist’s complete output: a thin stretch may be a gap in the record rather than a quiet spell. The same years with the artist’s life laid along them

Compare with

Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.

More works to set beside this one: originaluniqueart.com/en/art/similar/el-greco-st-francis-praying-8XZGFX-en/

Colours

Measured from the image

    Main colour

    Gray #717072

    Catalogued palette

    • #717072
    • #110F0E
    • #BCB6B6
    • #36312F

    These colours inside the artist’s whole palette Find other paintings by colour

    Palette
    Earthy The dominant colour family in the image.
    Main colour name
    Gray
    Intensity
    Monochromatic How saturated and varied the colours are, from a single toned-down hue to many bright ones.
    Contrast
    Statement How much the colours differ in lightness and saturation across the picture.
    Harmony
    Discordant Palette How well the colours work together, from clashing to fully unified.
    Brightness
    Deep_shadow How light or dark the picture reads overall, from deep shadow to bright highlight.
    Saturation
    Muted How pure and strong the colours are, from near-grey to fully vivid.

    Where in the world is this painting looked at?

    • under 1%
    • 1–3%
    • 3–8%
    • 8–20%
    • 20% and over
    This painting alone has too few recorded visitors to map, so the plate reads every work by El Greco over the last twelve months — 50 countries in all. Where these figures come from

    The ten leading countries

    1. 1 China 48.0%
    2. 2 United States of America 8.6%
    3. 3 Hong Kong 8.3%
    4. 4 Singapore 7.1%
    5. 5 France 5.1%
    6. 6 Spain 4.3%
    7. 7 Romania 3.9%
    8. 8 Ukraine 2.6%
    9. 9 Italy 2.0%
    10. 10 Brazil 1.4%
    11. · 40 other countries 8.7%

    Find the three darkest countries on the map. Is the museum that keeps this painting in any of them? Write down one reason people far away might look at it.

    The 20 most looked-at works by El Greco

    1. 1 The Burial of the Count of Orgaz, 1586 3.4%
    2. 2 View of Toledo, 1599 2.6%
    3. 3 The Crucifixion, 1594 1.7%
    4. 4 Laocoön, 1610 1.6%
    5. 5 The Opening of the Fifth Seal (The Vision of St John), 1610 1.5%
    6. 6 Christ Healing the Blind, 1570 1.4%
    7. 7 Mary Magdalen in Penitence, 1576 1.3%
    8. 8 The Opening of the Fifth Seal (detail), 1608 1.2%
    9. 9 The Holy Family with St. Anne and the Young St. John the Baptist, 1601 1.1%
    10. 10 A View of Toledo, 1597 1.1%
    11. 11 Christ Carrying the Cross, 1580 1.1%
    12. 12 The Burial of the Count of Orgaz (detail), 1586 1.1%
    13. 13 The Annunciation, 1570 1.0%
    14. 14 Portrait of Pope Pius V, 1605 1.0%
    15. 15 Christ Healing the Blind Man 0.9%
    16. 16 St. Joseph and the Christ Child, 1599 0.9%
    17. 17 St Louis, King of France, with a Page, 1592 0.8%
    18. 18 Christ on the Cross Adored by Two Donors, 1580 0.8%
    19. 19 The Trinity, 1577 0.8%
    20. 126 St Francis Praying, 1580 this painting 0.3%

    Together these works take 25.6% of all the attention this artist's paintings received over the last twelve months. The catalogue holds 479 works by this artist, of which 336 were looked at at least once. This painting ranks 126 of them, with 0.3% of that attention. The same counts, month by month

    Bars measure attention, not quality. Pick the work at the top and this one: name one thing that might make a painting famous beyond how well it is painted.

    About this artwork

    St Francis Praying — El Greco

    The Painting

    "CITE>St Francis Praying" by El Greco (Doménikos Theotokopoulos) is a captivating oil on canvas painting created in 1580. Measuring 116 x 102 cm, it is housed at the Joslyn Art Museum in Omaha, United States. This artwork is a testament to El Greco's skill in capturing the essence of religious devotion.

    The Composition

    The painting depicts St. Francis of Assisi in a moment of deep prayer. His hands are clasped together, and his face is serene, conveying a sense of profound contemplation. The saint is dressed in a simple robe, which adds to the overall theme of humility and religious dedication. Two other figures are present in the background, suggesting that this scene may be part of a larger narrative from St. Francis' life or a significant religious event.

    Artistic Significance

    El Greco's use of chiaroscuro creates a dramatic effect, with light illuminating St. Francis' face and hands, drawing the viewer's attention to his prayerful stance. The artist's mastery of oil painting techniques is evident in the rich textures and subtle color palette, which enhance the emotional depth of the scene.

    Contextualizing El Greco

    El Greco was a prominent figure in the Spanish Renaissance, known for his unique blend of Byzantine and Western artistic influences. His works often featured elongated figures and vibrant colors, reflecting his Greek heritage and training in Venice. "St Francis Praying" is one of several religious paintings by El Greco that demonstrate his ability to convey spiritual intensity through art.

    Other Relevant Works

    For those interested in exploring more of El Greco's religious themes, other notable works include:

    St. Francis in Meditation (1580s)

    Mary Magdalen in Penitence

    Christ Carrying the Cross

    Conclusion

    "St Francis Praying" by El Greco is a powerful representation of religious devotion, showcasing the artist's skill in capturing moments of profound contemplation. This painting, along with his other works, underscores El Greco's significant contribution to the world of art and religion. AllPaintingsStore.com offers high-quality, handmade oil painting reproductions of "St Francis Praying" and other masterpieces by El Greco. These reproductions are crafted with meticulous attention to detail, ensuring that each piece captures the essence of the original artwork.

    Artist and museum

    Artist

    El Greco

    Born in Crete, Greece

    A Life Forged in Faith and Fire

    Doménikos Theotokópoulos, known to the world as El Greco – “the Greek” – was a painter whose life and work defied easy categorization. Born in 1541 on the island of Crete, then under Venetian rule, his artistic journey led him through Venice and Rome before finding its ultimate expression in the spiritual heartland of Spain: Toledo. El Greco wasn’t merely a product of these places; he synthesized their influences into something wholly unique, a style that anticipated the emotional intensity of Expressionism and the fragmented forms of Cubism centuries later. His early training within the Byzantine tradition instilled in him a meticulous attention to detail and a profound understanding of religious iconography. This foundation, however, wouldn’t confine him. He signed his works in Greek, often appending “Krḗs” – Cretan – as a proud declaration of his origins, even as he ventured into new artistic territories. The seeds of his distinctive style were sown not just in technique but also in the fervent religious climate of his homeland and the rich tapestry of Venetian art.

    From Venice to Toledo: A Transformation

    The move to Venice around 1567 marked a pivotal moment. Immersed in the vibrant artistic scene, El Greco studied the masters – Titian, Tintoretto, Veronese – absorbing their mastery of color, composition, and dramatic lighting. He learned to loosen his brushwork, to embrace the sensuality of oil paint, and to depict figures with a newfound dynamism. This Venetian influence is visible in early works like St. Sebastian (1600), where anatomical detail blends seamlessly with an almost theatrical use of light and shadow. A subsequent sojourn in Rome exposed him to Mannerism, a style characterized by elongated forms, distorted perspectives, and sophisticated compositions. While he demonstrated considerable talent, El Greco found it difficult to gain widespread recognition in the competitive Roman art world. It was his relocation to Toledo in 1577 that finally allowed his singular vision to flourish. The city, then a center of religious fervor during the Counter-Reformation, provided both patronage and an atmosphere conducive to his intensely spiritual paintings.

    A Style Unlike Any Other

    El Greco’s artistic style is instantly recognizable – and utterly captivating. His figures are often dramatically elongated, their bodies stretched and contorted in poses that convey a sense of spiritual ecstasy or profound anguish. This isn't mere stylistic affectation; it’s an attempt to depict the unseen, the emotional and spiritual realities that lie beyond the surface of things. He masterfully employed color – not necessarily realistic color, but vibrant, often unnatural hues – to heighten the emotional impact of his work. Dramatic lighting, with stark contrasts between light and shadow, creates a theatrical effect, drawing the viewer into the heart of the scene. The Burial of the Count of Orgaz (1586-1588), considered his masterpiece, exemplifies these qualities perfectly. The painting depicts a miraculous event – the descent of saints to bury a pious nobleman – with remarkable realism in the portrayal of contemporary figures juxtaposed against ethereal, elongated forms representing divine intervention. He blended Byzantine traditions with Italian Renaissance techniques, forging a style that was both innovative and deeply personal. His later works became increasingly mystical, reflecting his own profound religious beliefs and a growing detachment from conventional artistic norms.

    Legacy and Rediscovery

    Despite achieving considerable success during his lifetime – receiving important commissions from churches and monasteries in Toledo – El Greco’s work fell into relative obscurity after his death in 1614. For centuries, he was largely overlooked by art historians, dismissed as an eccentric or a provincial artist. It wasn't until the 20th century that his genius began to be fully appreciated. Artists like Picasso and Braque recognized him as a precursor to modern art, particularly Cubism, admiring his distorted forms and unconventional perspectives. His expressive style resonated with the Expressionists, who sought to convey emotional intensity through bold colors and dramatic compositions. Today, El Greco is celebrated as one of the most important figures in Western art history – a visionary painter whose work continues to captivate audiences with its spiritual depth, emotional power, and unique artistic vision. His paintings are not merely representations of religious scenes; they are windows into the soul, testaments to the enduring power of faith, and celebrations of the human spirit’s capacity for transcendence.

    Notable Works

    The Burial of the Count of Orgaz (1586-1588): His undisputed masterpiece, a monumental work blending realism and spiritual intensity.

    View of Toledo (1596-1600): A dramatic landscape showcasing the city in a swirling, atmospheric style, capturing its essence with an almost visionary quality.

    The Opening of the Fifth Seal (1608-1614): Part of a series inspired by the Book of Revelation, this painting exemplifies El Greco’s apocalyptic vision and his mastery of dramatic composition.

    St. Sebastian (1600): A powerful depiction of the saint, blending anatomical detail with theatrical lighting and emotional intensity.

    El Espolio (The Disrobing of Christ) (1577-1579): An early work showcasing his Venetian influences and dramatic use of color and light.

    Museum

    Joslyn Art Museum

    On show in Omaha, Estados Unidos de América

    Un Testamento di Arte e Storia: Il Museo d’Arte Joslyn a Omaha

    Immerso nel cuore pulsante di Omaha, Nebraska, il Museo d’Arte Joslyn non è semplicemente un tempio dell’arte; è una finestra aperta sulle epoche, le culture e la storia umana. Fondato nel 1931 grazie alla visione della sua fondatrice, Sarah H. Joslyn, in memoria del suo amato marito George A. Joslyn, il museo si erge come un monumento all’eredità artistica e culturale, offrendo una collezione straordinaria che abbraccia oltre cinquomila anni di creatività. L’architettura stessa – un’ode elegante allo stile Art Déco, ispirata ai templi egizi e al capolavoro capitolare storico del Nebraska – è un’affermazione audace di gusto e un omaggio al passato, invitando i visitatori a perdersi in un mondo di bellezza e significato.

    La facciata del museo, dominata da una maestosa piastra marmorea in tonalità rosa intenso, evoca immagini di grandezza e raffinatezza. Ogni dettaglio, dalla precisione dei fregi scolpiti che rappresentano le popolazioni indigene e europee, alla scelta dei materiali – tra cui il raro marmo rosa proveniente da Georgia – racconta una storia di diversità e dialogo. I fregi scolpiti, che raffigurano scene di vita indigena ed europea, sono un potente simbolo di diversità e dialogo culturale. L’edificio stesso è un monumento all’ingegno umano e un omaggio al passato.

    Collezioni Chiave:

    Il Joslyn Art Museum vanta una collezione eclettica e di grande valore, che spazia dalle meraviglie dell’arte europea alle espressioni uniche dell’arte americana occidentale. I visitatori possono ammirare capolavori di maestri europei come Tiziano, Rembrandt e Veronese, testimoniando l’evoluzione artistica nel corso dei secoli. La collezione americana occidentale è particolarmente ricca, con opere di Karl Bodmer che catturano la bellezza del West americano e Alfred Jacob Miller che offre uno sguardo intimo sulla vita e le tradizioni dei nativi americani. Ma il museo non si limita a queste aree; ospita anche una notevole selezione di arte asiatica, tra cui dipinti cinesi e giapponesi che offrono uno spaccato delle culture e delle tradizioni artistiche di questi paesi. La collezione contemporanea è un riflesso delle tendenze e delle idee artistiche attuali, con opere di artisti internazionali di spicco.

    Opere Iconiche:

    Tra i pezzi più amati della collezione si distingue “Prato” di Claude Monet, un’iconica rappresentazione dell’impressionismo che cattura la luce e l’atmosfera di una giornata estiva. L'"Il Muezzin" (anche conosciuto come "La Chiamata alla Preghiera") di Jean-Léon Gérôme, un capolavoro orientalista che evoca l’atmosfera serena e contemplativa di una città mediorientale, è un altro esempio della ricchezza e della diversità della collezione. E poi c'è "Alychamps" di Vincent van Gogh, un’immersione nell’autunno arlesiano con colori vibranti e pennellate espressive, che testimoniano la potenza dell’arte post-impressionista.

    Un Viaggio Attraverso i Secoli: La Storia del Museo

    La storia del Joslyn Art Museum è strettamente legata alla storia di Omaha. Fondato nel 1931, il museo ha svolto un ruolo fondamentale nella promozione dell’arte e della cultura nella città. Il museo è stato istituito grazie alla visione e alla generosità di Sarah H. Joslyn, che desiderava creare un luogo dove le persone potessero ammirare e apprezzare l’arte di tutto il mondo. Nel corso degli anni, il museo si è espanso sia fisicamente che programmaticamente, aggiungendo nuove collezioni, organizzando mostre speciali ed offrendo programmi educativi per tutte le età. Il Joslyn Art Museum è un punto di riferimento culturale a Omaha e un importante centro di apprendimento e ispirazione.

    L’edificio stesso, inaugurato nel 1931, riflette l'epoca in cui fu concepito: un esempio primoroso di architettura Art Déco. La sua progettazione, affidata agli architetti John e Alan McDonald, trae ispirazione sia dai templi egizi che dal capolavoro capitolare storico del Nebraska, costruito in marmo rosa di Georgia e adornato con pannelli scultorei che rappresentano popoli nativi americani ed europei. La scelta dei materiali – tra cui il raro marmo rosa proveniente da Georgia – conferisce alla facciata una profondità e una texture uniche. I fregi scolpiti, che raffigurano scene di vita indigena ed europea, sono un potente simbolo di diversità e dialogo culturale.

    Un’Architettura di Stile e Significato

    L'architettura del Joslyn Art Museum non è solo un edificio; è un’opera d’arte a sé stante. Progettata dagli architetti John e Alan McDonald, la facciata in stile Art Déco si ispira ai templi egizi e al capolavoro capitolare storico del Nebraska, costruito in marmo rosa di Georgia e adornato con pannelli scultorei che rappresentano popoli nativi americani ed europei. La scelta dei materiali – tra cui il raro marmo rosa proveniente da Georgia – conferisce alla facciata una profondità e una texture uniche. I fregi scolpiti, che raffigurano scene di vita indigena ed europea, sono un potente simbolo di diversità e dialogo culturale. L’edificio stesso è un monumento all’ingegno umano e un omaggio al passato.

    Espansioni e Innovazioni

    Nel corso degli anni, il Joslyn Art Museum ha continuato a crescere e ad evolversi. Nel 1994, una significativa espansione, guidata dall'acclamato architetto Sir Norman Foster, ha aggiunto spazi espositivi moderni e un incantevole giardino scultoreo che ampliano la portata e l’attrattiva del museo. Questa ristrutturazione non solo ha aumentato lo spazio disponibile per le mostre, ma ha anche migliorato l’esperienza complessiva dei visitatori. Il Joslyn Sculpture Garden, inaugurato nel 2009, offre un luogo sereno e contemplativo dove ammirare sculture di artisti locali e nazionali, circondati da un paesaggio suggestivo.

    Un invito all'Esplorazione

    Il Museo d’Arte Joslyn invita i visitatori a intraprendere un viaggio alla scoperta dell’arte, della storia e della cultura. Con la sua collezione straordinaria, l’architettura accattivante e le mostre stimolanti, il museo offre un’esperienza indimenticabile per tutti. Che siate appassionati d'arte, amanti della storia o semplicemente curiosi di esplorare nuove culture, il Joslyn Art Museum ha qualcosa da offrire a tutti. Non perdete l’occasione di visitare questo gioiello culturale e lasciarvi ispirare dalla bellezza dell’arte umana.

    Where to read more

    Find this online

    QR code linking to the download page for St Francis Praying

    originaluniqueart.com/en/art/download/el-greco-st-francis-praying-8XZGFX-en/

    Cite this artwork

    MLA
    Greco, El. St Francis Praying. 1580, Joslyn Art Museum. https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/el-greco-st-francis-praying-8XZGFX-en/
    APA
    Greco, El (1580). St Francis Praying [Painting]. Joslyn Art Museum. https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/el-greco-st-francis-praying-8XZGFX-en/
    Chicago
    El Greco. St Francis Praying. 1580. Joslyn Art Museum. https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/el-greco-st-francis-praying-8XZGFX-en/
    Harvard
    Greco, El (1580) St Francis Praying. Joslyn Art Museum. Available at: https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/el-greco-st-francis-praying-8XZGFX-en/

    Look closely

    St Francis Praying — El Greco

    Look closely

    Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.

    1. What catches your eye first, and why?
    2. Which colours or shapes create the mood — and what is that mood?
    3. How many faces can you find? ____ (our catalogue counts 1 — do you agree?)
    4. Our catalogue files this work under: saint francis, prayer, skull. Do you agree? What would you add, or take away?
    5. Look back at The Burial of the Count of Orgaz (1586), earlier in this guide. Name two things it shares with this work, and one that is different.

    Your response

    Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.

    Questions & Answers

    What level of contrast does "St Francis Praying" by El Greco show?

    The contrast level of "St Francis Praying" by El Greco is statement.

    What saturation and intensity does "St Francis Praying" by El Greco show?

    "St Francis Praying" by El Greco is recorded with a muted saturation and a monochromatic intensity.

    How do the colors of "St Francis Praying" by El Greco relate to its emotion?

    The earthy palette of "St Francis Praying" by El Greco goes together with its spiritual emotional tone. Color is one of the ways a work conveys feeling.