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Number 99

Meno Trieda Dátum

Morris Louis, Number 99 (1960), Cleveland Museum of Art. Reprodukované len na ilustračné účely; všetky práva si vyhradzuje držiteľ autorských práv.

Základné informácie

Umenec
Morris Louis originaluniqueart.com/sk/artists/morris-louis_sk/
Životné obdobia umelca
1912 – 1962
Maľované
1960
Materiál
Acrylic On Canvas
Pôvodná veľkosť
251 x 361 cm
Pohyb
Color Field Painting Huge areas of flat, soft colour meant to be felt rather than read as a picture of anything.
Miesto konania
Cleveland Museum of Art originaluniqueart.com/sk/museums/cleveland-museum-of-art-cleveland_sk/
Artistic style
Abstract Expressionism
Influences
Helen Frankenthaler
Notable elements
Stained vertical waves
Subject or theme
Number/Abstraction

V kontexte

Number 99 — Morris Louis

Aká je jeho veľkosť?

Pôvodné rozmery sú 251 × 361 cm (výška × šírka), zobrazené tu vedľa dospelého človeka priemerného vzrastu. Je príliš veľký na to, aby sa na tejto stránke vykreslil v reálnom pomere.

Kedy bolo toto vytvorené?

  1. 1910
  2. 1920
  3. 1930
  4. 1940
  5. 1950
  6. 1960

Shaded: životný príbeh Morris Louis (1912–1962) ▲ toto dielo, 1960

Podobné diela

  • VAV, 1960 originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/morris-louis-vav-D2DNHZ-en/
  • Ambi I, 1960 originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/morris-louis-ambi-i-D2DNJ7-en/
  • Seal, 1959 originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/morris-louis-seal-D3J8DT-en/

Vyberte si jedno z vyššie uvedených diel: uveďte dve veci, ktoré má spoločné s týmto, a jednu vec, v ktorej sa líšia.

Ďalšie diela, ktoré sa k tomuto hodia: originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/similar/morris-louis-number-99-D3J8KE-en/

Farby

Zmerané z obrazu

    Hlavná farba

    Brown #a6551f

    Uložená paleta

    • #A6551F
    • #302F25
    • #6D3B21
    • #A8A092
    Paleta
    Dark Dominantná farebná skupina na obraze.
    Dominantná farba
    Brown
    Saturácia
    Balanced Ako veľmi sýte a rozmanité sú farby, od jedného tlmeného odtieňa až po mnoho jasných.
    Kontrast
    Gentle Miera rozdielov v jasnosti a saturácii farieb v rámci celého obrazu.
    Harmónia
    Strong Color Unity Ako dobre spolu pôsobia farby, od kontrastných až po úplne harmonické.
    Jasnosť
    Shadow Celkový kontrast obrazu, od hlbokých tieňov až po jasné svetlé miesta.
    Saturácia
    Clear Color Presence Aký čistý a silný je farebný rozsah, od takmer sivej až po plne živé tóny.

    O tomto umedení

    Number 99 — Morris Louis

    Number 99: A Dance of Color in Mid-Century Abstraction

    Morris Louis’s “Number 99,” created in 1960, isn't merely a painting; it’s an immersive experience—a meditation on color, space, and the very nature of perception. Born in Baltimore in 1912, Morris Louis was a pivotal figure in the burgeoning Abstract Expressionist movement, forging his own distinctive path through pioneering techniques that would forever alter the landscape of American art. He moved to New York City in 1936, seeking artistic stimulation and exposure, eventually finding himself drawn to the innovative approaches being explored by artists like Helen Frankenthaler, whose “soak-stain” technique—applying thinned paint directly to canvas—proved profoundly influential. Louis’s work, particularly during this period, represents a radical departure from traditional painting methods, embracing spontaneity and chance within a carefully considered framework.

    The Veil Technique: A Revelation of Color

    At the heart of “Number 99” lies Louis's revolutionary "veil" technique. Rather than meticulously layering paint with brushes, he employed Magna acrylic paint—a newly developed, highly fluid medium created specifically for him by Leo Polk—and allowed it to flow and spread across the canvas almost organically. This process involved pouring the paint onto the surface, manipulating it with sticks or fingers, and letting gravity dictate its course. The result is a mesmerizing interplay of color fields that seem to shimmer and undulate, creating an illusion of depth and movement. The absence of defined edges—a key characteristic of Louis’s work—further enhances this sense of fluidity, blurring the boundaries between form and color. This technique was not about representation; it was about capturing the essence of color itself, its luminosity, and its emotional resonance.

    Color Field Painting and the Exploration of Emotion

    Number 99” firmly places Louis within the broader context of Color Field painting—a movement that emerged in the mid-1960s as a reaction against the gestural abstraction of earlier Abstract Expressionists. Artists like Mark Rothko, Barnett Newman, and Clyfford Still sought to evoke profound emotional responses through vast expanses of color, often employing simple geometric forms. Louis’s work shares this ambition but with a distinct emphasis on the dynamic interaction between colors. The vibrant reds, blues, yellows, greens, and purples in “Number 99” don't simply coexist; they engage in a complex dialogue, creating a sense of tension, harmony, and ultimately, an almost meditative stillness. The painting invites viewers to lose themselves within its chromatic depths, experiencing the colors directly without the need for symbolic interpretation.

    Historical Context and Legacy: A Cleveland Masterpiece

    Number 99” was created during a period of intense artistic experimentation and social upheaval in America. The Civil Rights Movement, the Vietnam War, and growing anxieties about the future fueled a desire for new forms of expression—forms that could capture the complexities of the modern world. Louis’s work resonated deeply with this spirit of innovation, reflecting both the optimism and uncertainty of the era. Today, “Number 99” resides in The Cleveland Museum of Art, a testament to its enduring significance. Its placement within a public collection underscores its value not only as an artistic masterpiece but also as a vital part of American cultural heritage. Reproductions of this iconic work continue to inspire artists and designers alike, demonstrating Louis’s lasting influence on the world of art.

    Size: 251 x 361 cm (98.4 x 142 in)

    Date: 1960

    Artist: Morris Louis (1912-1962)

    Medium: Magna acrylic on canvas

    Location: The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio

    Umenec a múzeum

    Umenec

    Morris Louis

    Miesto narodenia Baltimora, Spojené štáty americké

    Morris Louis: Tichý Revolucionár Farieb

    Morris Louis, vlastným menom Morris Louis Bernstein (1912 – 1962), bol americký maliar, ktorý sa stal jednou z kľúčových postáv v hnutí Color Field painting. Jeho život a tvorba boli poznačené neustálym experimentovaním s materiálmi a technikami, čo ho nakoniec priviedlo k vytvoreniu unikátneho štýlu charakterizovaného prekrývajúcimi sa vrstvami priehľadných farieb nanášaných na plátno. Narodil sa v Baltimore v Marylande do rodiny židovských prisťahovalcov z Ruska a jeho detstvo bolo poznačené skromnosťou a ťažkou prácou, čo ho formovalo ako človeka hľadajúceho vlastnú cestu umenia.

    Louisova raná tvorba bola ovplyvnená európskymi majstrami ako Cézanne a Eugene Speicher. V tridsiatych rokoch experimentoval s rôznymi štýlami, pracoval ako pomocník pri vytváraní nástenných malieb v rámci Public Works of Art Project a živil sa príleživitosťami. Prechodom do New Yorku v roku 1936 sa ponoril do avantgardného prostredia a zúčastňoval sa workshopov pod vedením mexického muralistu Diega Rivera, čo ho oboznámi s novými technikami a materiálmi. Klíčovým momentom jeho umeleckej cesty bolo objavenie Magny – novej akrylovej farby, ktorá mu umožnila dosiahnuť bezprecedentnú fluiditu a priehľadnosť v jeho obrazoch.

    Skutočný prelom v Louisovej tvorbe nastal v roku 1954 po návšteve štúdia Helen Frankenthaler. Jej "stain paintings" ho inšpirovali k experimentovaniu s technikou nalievania a farbenia plátna, čo viedlo k vzniku jeho najznámejších prác – série „Veils“ (Závoje). V týchto obrazoch Louis nanášal riedené farby na neprípravné plátno, nechávajúc ich voľne stekajúce a prekrývajúc sa. Tým eliminoval akúkoľvek stopu štetca a zdôraznil plochosť obrazovej plochy. „Veils“ predstavujú vrchol Color Field painting – odvážny krok smerom k redukcii obrazu na čisté farby a priestor, kde sa význam vytvára prostredníctvom vzťahov medzi jednotlivými farebnými plochami.

    Louisove ďalšie série, ako „Unfurleds“ (Rozvinutia) a „Stripes“ (Pruhované obrazy), ďalej rozvíjali jeho experimenty s farbou a formou. V "Unfurleds" sa objavujú riadky tekutej farby, ktoré sa vlnia po plátne, zatiaľ čo "Stripes" predstavujú sériu obrazov zložených z horizontálnych alebo vertikálnych pruhov rôznych farieb. Louisova tvorba bola hlboko ovplyvnená myšlienkou redukcie a eliminácie všetkého nepotrebného, aby sa dosiahlo maximum čistoty a intenzity farebného zážitku. Jeho prístup k maľbe bol radikálny – odmietal gestualitu a expresivitu Abstract Expressionism a sústredil sa na čisto optický vjem farieb.

    Dedičstvo a Vplyv

    Morris Louis zanechal hlboký dojem na vývoj amerického abstraktného umenia. Jeho inovatívne techniky a odvážny prístup k farbe ovplyvnili generáciu mladých maliarov a prispevali k vzniku Washington Color School – skupiny umelcov, ktorí sa sústredili na vytváranie farebne intenzívnych obrazov s jednoduchou kompozíciou. Louisova tvorba je dnes uznávaná ako jeden z najvýznamnejších príspevkov k Color Field painting a jeho obrazy nájdu svoje miesto v renomovaných zbierkach po celom svete. Hoci jeho život bol relatívne krátky, jeho odkaz žije ďalej v pokračujúcom záujme o jeho dielo a v inšpirácii, ktorú poskytuje umelcom hľadajúcim nové cesty k vyjadreniu prostredníctvom farieb.

    Významné diela

    High (1957)

    Number 1-36 (1958)

    Where (1958)

    Number 1-68 (1960)

    Gamma Tau (1960)

    Third Element (1961)

    Delta Theta (1962)

    Zaujímavosti

    Louis zničil množstvo svojich prác v rokoch 1955-1957, čo naznačuje jeho kritický pohľad na vlastnú tvorbu.

    Jeho meno je často spájané s menami Kennetha Nolanda a Helen Frankenthaler ako lídrov Color Field paintingu.

    Louisova tvorba sa vyznačovala odmietaním tradičných postupov maľby, čo viedlo k radikálnemu zjednodušeniu obrazovej plochy.

    Múzeum

    Cleveland Museum of Art

    Vystavené v Cleveland, USA

    Cleveland Museum of Art: A Beacon of Culture on Lake Erie

    Cleveland Museum of Art stands as a testament to the transformative power of art, a cultural cornerstone nestled in the heart of University Circle, Ohio. More than just a repository of masterpieces, it’s an immersive experience—a journey through centuries and continents, thoughtfully curated and remarkably accessible.

    Founded in 1913 by the visionary philanthropy of Hinman Hurlbut, John Huntington, and Horace Kelley, the museum was conceived as a gift to the people, a commitment upheld today by its enduring policy of free general admission. This dedication to inclusivity sets the CMA apart, inviting all to partake in the enriching dialogue between humanity and artistic expression.

    From its earliest days, focused on building a foundational collection through careful acquisitions and generous donations, the museum has blossomed into an internationally acclaimed institution boasting over 61,000 works of art. The very structure of the Cleveland Museum of Art tells a story—a narrative woven from evolving architectural styles.

    The original 1916 building, a stately embodiment of neoclassical ideals rendered in white Georgian Marble and Beaux-Arts flourishes, exudes an air of timeless elegance. This initial grandeur was thoughtfully expanded upon in 1971 with Marcel Breuer’s strikingly modern North Wing, its angular granite facade providing a bold counterpoint to the classical origins.

    The museum's most recent transformation, completed in 2013 under the direction of Rafael Viñoly, represents a masterful synthesis of past and present. This ambitious project doubled the museum’s size, culminating in a breathtaking glass-roofed atrium that seamlessly unites the diverse wings, flooding the interior with natural light and creating a sense of airy spaciousness.

    The result is not merely an expansion but a harmonious conversation between architectural eras, reflecting the museum's own commitment to bridging cultures and time periods through art.

    Worlds Within Walls: A Collection Spanning Continents

    The CMA’s collection is remarkably diverse, offering visitors a panoramic view of artistic achievement across the globe. Perhaps most celebrated are its holdings in Asian and Egyptian art—a treasure trove of cultural artifacts that transport viewers to distant lands and bygone eras.

    Imagine standing before ancient sarcophagi and intricate jewelry from Egypt, or losing yourself in the delicate brushstrokes of Japanese screens and the powerful forms of Indian sculptures. But the museum’s strengths extend far beyond these areas.

    European paintings and sculpture form a cornerstone of the collection, showcasing masterpieces by luminaries such as Monet, Renoir, Van Gogh, and Picasso.

    The contemporary wing pulsates with innovation, presenting thought-provoking installations, paintings, and multimedia works that reflect the dynamic artistic landscape of our time.

    Rose Iron Works, currently on view, exemplifies this commitment to both historical significance and contemporary engagement, showcasing a vital piece of Cleveland’s artistic heritage.

    The museum doesn't simply display art; it invites dialogue with it, fostering an understanding of the cultural contexts that birthed each creation.

    A Living Institution: Beyond the Canvas

    The Cleveland Museum of Art isn’t simply a place to view art; it's a space designed for engagement and learning. Interactive exhibits invite visitors to delve deeper into artistic techniques and cultural contexts, while educational programs cater to audiences of all ages and backgrounds.

    The museum actively fosters a sense of community through lectures, artist talks, and hands-on workshops, transforming the experience from passive observation to active participation.

    Furthermore, the CMA extends its reach beyond its walls with initiatives like Transformer Station, a vibrant center for visual and performing arts in Cleveland’s Hingetown neighborhood, showcasing emerging artists and fostering creative dialogue within the city.

    This commitment to accessibility, education, and community engagement solidifies the Cleveland Museum of Art's position as not just a cultural institution, but a vital force shaping the artistic landscape of Ohio and beyond. It is truly a place where art comes alive, inspiring curiosity, provoking thought, and enriching lives.

    A Legacy of Visionary Support

    The story of the CMA is inextricably linked to the generosity of its founders and continued support from the Cleveland community. Hinman Hurlbut, John Huntington, and Horace Kelley envisioned an institution that would be accessible to all, a radical idea at the time. This spirit of inclusivity continues today, ensuring that art remains a democratic force for education and inspiration.

    The museum’s substantial endowment—over $920 million as of 2023—allows it to maintain its free admission policy and invest in ambitious acquisitions and innovative programming.

    The ongoing dedication to preserving and expanding the collection ensures that future generations will have access to these cultural treasures, solidifying the Cleveland Museum of Art’s place as a leading art institution for years to come.

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    Získajte informácie online

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    originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/download/morris-louis-number-99-D3J8KE-en/

    Citácia diela

    MLA
    Louis, Morris. Number 99. 1960, Cleveland Museum of Art. https://originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/morris-louis-number-99-D3J8KE-en/
    APA
    Louis, Morris (1960). Number 99 [Painting]. Cleveland Museum of Art. https://originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/morris-louis-number-99-D3J8KE-en/
    Chicago
    Morris Louis. Number 99. 1960. Cleveland Museum of Art. https://originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/morris-louis-number-99-D3J8KE-en/
    Harvard
    Louis, Morris (1960) Number 99. Cleveland Museum of Art. Available at: https://originaluniqueart.com/sk/art/morris-louis-number-99-D3J8KE-en/

    Pozrite si bližšie

    Number 99 — Morris Louis

    Detailný pohľad

    Odpovedajte vlastnými slovami. Neexistujú tu žiadne nesprávne odpovede – len také, ktoré dokážete vysvetliť.

    1. Čo vás pri pohľade na toto dielo upúta ako prvé a prečo?
    2. Ktoré farby alebo tvary vytvárajú atmosféru — a aká je táto atmosféra?
    3. V našom katalógu je toto dielo zaúčtované pod: color, abstraction, red. Súhlasíte s tým? Čo by ste pridali alebo odobrali?
    4. Späť sa pozrite na dielo VAV (1960), o ktorom ste čítali skôr v tomto sprievodcovi. Vymeňte dve veci, ktoré má toto dielo spoločné s týmto, a jednu, ktorá je odlišná.
    5. Color Field Painting: Huge areas of flat, soft colour meant to be felt rather than read as a picture of anything. Kde sa to v tomto diele dá vidieť?

    Vaša odpoveď

    Napíšte krátky odstavec o tomto umeleckom diele. Využite informácie z predchádzajúcich častí tohto sprievodcu a svoje vyššie uvedené odpovede.

    Umenlecký kvíz

    Number 99 — Morris Louis

    Ako dobre poznáte toto dielo?

    Zvoľte jednu odpoveď pre každú z 5 otázok nižšie. Každá má presne jednu správnu odpoveď.

    1. 1. What artistic movement is ‘Number 99’ primarily associated with?

      • A Cubism
      • B Color Field Painting
      • C Surrealism
    2. 2. Which material did Morris Louis predominantly use to create his ‘Veil’ paintings?

      • A Oil Paint
      • B Magna Acrylic Paint
      • C Watercolor
    3. 3. In what year was ‘Number 99’ created?

      • A 1958
      • B 1960
      • C 1962
    4. 4. The painting 'Number 99' is housed at:

      • A The Metropolitan Museum of Art
      • B The Cleveland Museum of Art
      • C The Guggenheim Museum
    5. 5. Morris Louis was known for his innovative technique of applying paint to canvas in a way that resembled:

      • A Layered brushstrokes mimicking traditional landscapes
      • B Dripping and staining techniques creating fluid color fields
      • C Precise geometric shapes and patterns

    Môj výsledok: ____ zo 5

    Kľúč k správnym odpovediam — pre učiteľa

    Táto strana začína novú vytlačenú stránku, takže ju môžete z kópií jednoducho vynechať.

    1A · 2B · 3B · 4B · 5B