A Life of Artistic Independence Born in Koga, in what is now Ibaraki Prefecture, Seiko Okuhara was the daughter of a high-ranking samurai. To bypass legal restrictions that prevented women from leaving the Koga domain, she was adopted by her aunt in the neighboring Sekiyado Domain. Her classical education included Chinese history, literature, poetry, and philosophy. Moving to Edo-Tokyo around 1865, she became a leading artist and foun…