Paper
Name Class Date

Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys, Until Her Death (1862), Art Gallery of South Australia. Public domain. See this canvas under a moving light: the drawing, the true colour under the varnish, the bare pigment

The facts

Artist
Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys originaluniqueart.com/en/artists/anthony-frederick-augustus-sandys/
Artist’s dates
1829 – 1904
Painted
1862
Medium
Giclée Print A modern high-quality inkjet print, usually made from a digital scan of an original work.
Period
19th Century
Held at
Art Gallery of South Australia originaluniqueart.com/en/museums/art-gallery-of-south-australia-adelaide/
Artistic style
Romanticism, Symbolism
Influences
Dürer, Holbein
Notable elements
Skeleton figure, women
Subject or theme
Death, mourning

In context

Until Her Death — Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys

When was this painted?

  1. 1820
  2. 1830
  3. 1840
  4. 1850
  5. 1860
  6. 1870
  7. 1880
  8. 1890
  9. 1900

Row above: the years. Row below: how old the artist was at the start and at the end of each span — 0 at birth, 75 at death.

Painted when the artist was 33. The artist lived to 75. 13 of the 39 dated works by this artist in our catalogue came earlier.

Shaded: the lifetime of Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys (1829–1904) ▲ this work, 1862 every dated painting, decade by decade

First works: up to 1860 Main working years: 1860–1871 Late works: from 1871

Those three bands split the works this catalogue has a date for into a first quarter, a middle half and a last quarter. They are not the artist’s complete output: a thin stretch may be a gap in the record rather than a quiet spell. The same years with the artist’s life laid along them

Compare with

Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.

More works to set beside this one: originaluniqueart.com/en/art/similar/anthony-frederick-augustus-sandys-until-her-death-D3H34M-en/

Colours

Measured from the image

    Main colour

    Espresso #61503e

    Catalogued palette

    • #61503E
    • #CCAB7E
    • #2C2621
    • #987D5B

    These colours inside the artist’s whole palette Find other paintings by colour

    Palette
    Earthy The dominant colour family in the image.
    Main colour name
    Espresso
    Intensity
    Balanced How saturated and varied the colours are, from a single toned-down hue to many bright ones.
    Contrast
    Statement How much the colours differ in lightness and saturation across the picture.
    Harmony
    Unified Palette How well the colours work together, from clashing to fully unified.
    Brightness
    Balanced How light or dark the picture reads overall, from deep shadow to bright highlight.
    Saturation
    Balanced Soft How pure and strong the colours are, from near-grey to fully vivid.

    Where in the world is this painting looked at?

    • under 1%
    • 1–3%
    • 3–8%
    • 8–20%
    • 20% and over
    This painting alone has too few recorded visitors to map, so the plate reads every work by Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys over the last twelve months — 9 countries in all. Where these figures come from

    The ten leading countries

    1. 1 China 54.1%2,000 visits
    2. 2 Ukraine 10.8%400 visits
    3. 3 Hong Kong 8.1%300 visits
    4. 4 United States of America 8.1%300 visits
    5. 5 Japan 5.4%200 visits
    6. 6 Singapore 5.4%200 visits
    7. 7 Bulgaria 2.7%100 visits
    8. 8 Brazil 2.7%100 visits
    9. 9 Spain 2.7%100 visits

    Find the three darkest countries on the map. Is the museum that keeps this painting in any of them? Write down one reason people far away might look at it.

    The 20 most looked-at works by Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys

    1. 1 Portrait of a Young Man (copy after Rogier van der Weyden), 1850 11.1%500 visits
    2. 2 Medea, 1868 11.1%500 visits
    3. 3 Vivien 8.9%400 visits
    4. 4 Cassandra, 1864 6.7%300 visits
    5. 5 Helen of Troy, 1866 6.7%300 visits
    6. 6 Portrait Of Anita Smith 6.7%300 visits
    7. 7 Portrait Of Josiah Caldwell 6.7%300 visits
    8. 8 William H. Clabburn, 1870 4.4%200 visits
    9. 9 THE PEARL 4.4%200 visits
    10. 10 Mrs Sandys, the Artist's Mother, 1840 2.2%100 visits
    11. 11 Edward Howes (1813–1871), 1872 2.2%100 visits
    12. 12 Jacob Henry Tillett (1818–1892), Mayor of Norwich (1859 1875), 1871 2.2%100 visits
    13. 13 Portrait Of Cyril Flower, Lord Battersea 2.2%100 visits
    14. 14 Mary Sandys 2.2%100 visits
    15. 15 Portrait of Mary Sandys 2.2%100 visits
    16. 16 Self Portrait, when 19 years of age 2.2%100 visits
    17. 17 La Belle Isolde 2.2%100 visits
    18. 18 Olive Margaret Slaughter 2.2%100 visits
    19. 19 Head of a Young Woman 2.2%100 visits
    20. — Until Her Death, 1862 this painting 0.0%0 visits

    Together these works take 88.7% of all the attention this artist's paintings received over the last twelve months. The catalogue holds 101 works by this artist, of which 24 were looked at at least once. This painting has not been looked at yet in that time — it closes the list without a rank. The same counts, month by month

    Bars measure attention, not quality. Pick the work at the top and this one: name one thing that might make a painting famous beyond how well it is painted.

    About this artwork

    Until Her Death — Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys

    A Glimpse of Sorrow: “Until Her Death” by Frederick Sandys

    Frederick Sandys’s “Until Her Death,” painted in 1862, is not merely a portrait; it's a poignant meditation on mortality, grief, and the quiet dignity of loss. Rendered in the evocative style characteristic of the Pre-Raphaelites, this work transcends its subject matter to become a timeless exploration of human vulnerability. Sandys, deeply influenced by the artistic sensibilities of his time – particularly the meticulous detail and symbolic depth championed by Ruskin – masterfully captures a moment suspended between life and death, inviting viewers into an intimate and profoundly moving encounter.

    The scene unfolds within a modestly furnished room, bathed in the diffused light of a winter’s day. Two women are present: one seated on a bed, her posture conveying a profound sadness; the other standing beside her, offering what appears to be comfort or perhaps simply silent observation. The central figure, draped in a simple gown, is rendered with exquisite sensitivity – every line and shadow meticulously observed, reflecting both physical fragility and an inner turmoil. Her gaze is averted, lost in contemplation, while the woman beside her wears a delicate expression of concern, her hand gently resting on the seated woman’s arm. The inclusion of a potted plant to the left adds a subtle layer of domesticity, grounding the scene within a familiar, yet ultimately heartbreaking, reality.

    Pre-Raphaelite Techniques and Symbolism

    Sandys's artistic approach is deeply rooted in Pre-Raphaelite principles. He employed a technique known as “tonal drawing,” meticulously building up layers of charcoal to establish the composition’s structure before applying paint. This method allowed him to achieve remarkable detail and tonal variation, imbuing the scene with an atmospheric quality that is both luminous and melancholic. The use of muted colors – predominantly blues, greens, and browns – further enhances the somber mood, while subtle highlights draw attention to key features such as the women’s faces and hands.

    Symbolism permeates every aspect of the painting. The skeletal figure beside the woman standing is a potent reminder of mortality, subtly integrated into the composition without disrupting its emotional resonance. The muted palette itself can be interpreted as representing grief – a subdued and restrained expression of sorrow. The simple setting—a modest room—suggests a life stripped bare, focusing attention on the core human experience of loss.

    Historical Context and Artistic Influences

    “Until Her Death” was created during a period of significant artistic and intellectual ferment in Victorian England. The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, founded in 1848, sought to revive the aesthetics and spirit of art from before the Renaissance, rejecting the academic conventions of the Royal Academy. Sandys, though not formally a member, embraced many of their ideals – a reverence for nature, a fascination with mythology and folklore, and a commitment to depicting human emotion with honesty and sincerity.

    The painting’s subject matter—a scene of domestic sorrow—was relatively uncommon in Victorian art, which often focused on grand historical narratives or idealized depictions of beauty. Sandys's choice to portray such a vulnerable moment offered a refreshing departure from the prevailing artistic norms, demonstrating his willingness to explore complex and emotionally challenging themes.

    Emotional Resonance and Lasting Impact

    “Until Her Death” is not a painting that offers easy answers or comforting platitudes. Instead, it confronts viewers with the raw reality of grief – its isolating nature, its profound sadness, and its enduring presence in the human heart. The painting’s power lies in its ability to evoke empathy and understanding, inviting us to contemplate our own experiences of loss and mortality.

    Reproductions of this work continue to resonate with audiences today, serving as a poignant reminder of the fragility of life and the importance of cherishing those we hold dear. Its quiet intensity and masterful execution make it a timeless masterpiece, worthy of admiration and contemplation for generations to come.

    Artist and museum

    Artist

    Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys

    Born in Norwich, United Kingdom

    A Pre-Raphaelite Dreamer: The Life and Art of Frederick Sandys

    Born in Norwich in 1829 as Antonio Frederic Augustus Sands, the artist we know as Frederick Sandys emerged from a nurturing artistic environment. His father, Anthony Sands, instilled in him an early appreciation for drawing and painting, laying the foundation for a career that would blossom within the vibrant world of Victorian art. Young Frederick’s formal training began at the Norwich School of Design in 1846, where he honed his skills through meticulous observation and craftsmanship – principles that became hallmarks of his mature style. Early recognition came swiftly; medals awarded by the Royal Society of Arts in both 1846 and 1847 signaled a promising future for this budding talent. These formative years weren’t merely about technical skill, but about cultivating a sensibility attuned to detail, symbolism, and the emotional currents that would define his artistic vision. He soon adopted the spelling “Sandys,” a subtle shift perhaps mirroring his evolving artistic identity.

    London Calling: Embracing Pre-Raphaelite Ideals

    The year 1851 marked Sandys’s relocation to London, a pivotal moment in his career. Exhibiting at the Royal Academy, he steadily gained recognition for his burgeoning talent, but it was during the 1860s that his artistic trajectory truly aligned with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. A profound friendship with Dante Gabriel Rossetti proved deeply influential; Sandys even resided with Rossetti for a time, absorbing the artist’s visionary approach to art and life. This period witnessed the creation of The Nightmare (1857), a satirical lithograph that catapulted Sandys into the public eye. A clever parody of John Everett Millais and critic John Ruskin, it showcased not only his exceptional draughtsmanship but also his willingness to engage with contemporary art criticism – a boldness that endeared him to the Pre-Raphaelite circle. Sandys’s style solidified during this time, characterized by vibrant colors, meticulous attention to detail, and a predilection for subjects drawn from mythology and literature, all echoing the core tenets of the movement. However, he wasn't merely replicating; he was interpreting these themes through his own unique lens, imbuing them with a sense of psychological depth and emotional resonance. His work began to explore the complexities of human emotion, often focusing on enigmatic female figures steeped in mystery and melancholy.

    Masterpieces and Recurring Themes

    Sandys’s oeuvre is rich with captivating works that demonstrate his mastery of technique and storytelling. Maria Magdalena, housed in the Delaware Art Museum, stands as a poignant portrayal of Mary Magdalene, revealing Sandys's ability to convey profound emotional depth within a religious context. Morgan le Fay, gracing the Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery, is a mesmerizing depiction of the Arthurian sorceress, showcasing his skill in creating compelling female figures imbued with mystery and power. Grace Rose, at the Yale Center for British Art, exemplifies Victorian ideals of beauty and grace through delicate portraiture. Beyond these iconic pieces, works like Autumn – an oil painting capturing a family enjoying nature’s splendor – highlight his talent for portraying everyday scenes with Pre-Raphaelite precision. Recurring themes permeate Sandys's work: mythology, Arthurian legends, portraits of women often possessing a melancholic or enigmatic quality, and depictions of the natural world rendered with breathtaking detail. These motifs weren’t merely aesthetic choices; they were vehicles for exploring deeper questions about love, loss, morality, and the human condition. His wood-engravings, particularly those created for periodicals like Once a Week and Cornhill Magazine, demonstrate his exceptional skill in translating complex designs into intricate engravings, showcasing an attention to detail rivaling that of Albrecht Dürer and Ambrosius Holbein.

    Challenges, Legacy, and Enduring Influence

    Despite his artistic successes, Sandys faced personal hardships later in life, including financial difficulties and periods of bankruptcy. His complex family life, marked by numerous children from relationships with Mary Emma Jones (Miss Clive), added another layer of complexity to his narrative. Yet, he persevered, continuing to paint and draw throughout his career, demonstrating an unwavering commitment to his art. The artistic influence within the Sandys family was further exemplified by his younger sister, Emma Sandys, who also achieved recognition as a painter. Sandys’s legacy rests firmly on his contributions to the Pre-Raphaelite movement, particularly his exceptional draughtsmanship and ability to create evocative portrayals of mythological and literary subjects. His works are now celebrated for their beauty, technical skill, and insightful reflections on Victorian aesthetics. He stands as a testament to the power of artistic vision in the face of adversity, leaving behind a body of work that continues to captivate and inspire audiences today. His influence extended beyond his paintings; he helped shape the visual language of the Victorian era, influencing generations of artists with his meticulous technique and evocative storytelling. The rediscovery and appreciation of Sandys’s work in recent decades underscore his enduring relevance, solidifying his place among the most important British artists of the 19th century.

    Museum

    Art Gallery of South Australia

    On show in Adelaide, Australia

    A Sanctuary of Stories in the Heart of Adelaide

    In the heart of Adelaide’s vibrant cultural precinct, nestled along the historic North Terrace, stands the

    Art Gallery of South Australia

    as a profound testament to the enduring power of visual expression. To walk through its doors is to embark on a journey that transcends time and geography, moving seamlessly from the ancient ancestral narratives of Australia’s First Nations to the sophisticated brushstrokes of European masters. It is more $\text{than}$ a mere repository of objects; it is a living, breathing chronicle of human creativity and South Australian identity.

    The architectural grandeur of the gallery serves as a majestic frame for the treasures held within. The iconic

    Elder Wing

    , inaugurated in 1900, remains a breathtaking feat of Classical Revival engineering. Built by the Trudgen Brothers during an era of economic uncertainty, its very existence stands as a symbol of resilience and a commitment to the local economy of its time. As visitors wander through its halls, they experience a meticulous blend of historical reverence and modern innovation, where subsequent expansions have carefully honored the original architectural splendor while creating sophisticated spaces for contemporary dialogue.

    A Kaleidoscope of Global and Local Masterpieces

    The true heartbeat of the gallery lies in its remarkably diverse and kaleidoscopic collection. For the discerning collector or art lover, the institution offers an unparalleled panorama of Australian art, ranging from the sweeping landscapes of Frederick McCubines to the evocative depths of abstract expressionism. A particularly significant highlight is the gallery’s dedication to

    Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander art

    , which defines its global significance. The collection celebrates works that are deeply imbued with ancestral stories, alongside contemporary pieces that boldly interrogate modern identity and social justice.

    Beyond its permanent holdings, the gallery continues to captivate the imagination through world-class exhibitions that bridge the gap between local heritage and international brilliance. Notable features of the institution include:

    The Tarnanthi Festival:

    A vibrant annual celebration that unites artists from across the continent and fosters a unique, rhythmic connection between tradition and the avant-garde.

    Diverse Artistic Eras:

    An exploration of everything from ancient narratives to modern mark-making and water-themed showcases.

    A Multidisciplinary Ecosystem:

    Situated alongside the South Australian Museum and the University of Adelaide, providing an inexhaustible wellspring of aesthetic beauty for historians and interior designers alike.

    For those seeking inspiration, the gallery provides a profound connection to the past and a window into the future, inviting every visitor to find their own reflection within its vast, storied halls.

    Where to read more

    Find this online

    QR code linking to the download page for Until Her Death

    originaluniqueart.com/en/art/download/anthony-frederick-augustus-sandys-until-her-death-D3H34M-en/

    Cite this artwork

    MLA
    Sandys, Anthony Frederick Augustus. Until Her Death. 1862, Art Gallery of South Australia. https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/anthony-frederick-augustus-sandys-until-her-death-D3H34M-en/
    APA
    Sandys, Anthony Frederick Augustus (1862). Until Her Death [Painting]. Art Gallery of South Australia. https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/anthony-frederick-augustus-sandys-until-her-death-D3H34M-en/
    Chicago
    Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys. Until Her Death. 1862. Art Gallery of South Australia. https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/anthony-frederick-augustus-sandys-until-her-death-D3H34M-en/
    Harvard
    Sandys, Anthony Frederick Augustus (1862) Until Her Death. Art Gallery of South Australia. Available at: https://originaluniqueart.com/en/art/anthony-frederick-augustus-sandys-until-her-death-D3H34M-en/

    Look closely

    Until Her Death — Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys

    Look closely

    Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.

    1. What catches your eye first, and why?
    2. Which colours or shapes create the mood — and what is that mood?
    3. Our catalogue files this work under: women, death, skeletal. Do you agree? What would you add, or take away?
    4. Look back at Grace Rose (1866), earlier in this guide. Name two things it shares with this work, and one that is different.
    5. Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys was about 33 when this was made. What in it looks like the work of an artist at that stage?

    Your response

    Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.

    Art quiz

    Until Her Death — Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys

    How well do you know this artwork?

    Tick one answer for each of the 5 questions below. Each has exactly one correct answer.

    1. 1. What is the primary subject depicted in ‘Until Her Death’?

      • A A portrait of a wealthy nobleman.
      • B A scene depicting two women and a skeleton.
      • C A landscape featuring a flowing river.
    2. 2. Which artistic movement is most closely associated with Frederick Sandys’ work, including ‘Until Her Death’?

      • A Impressionism
      • B Pre-Raphaelitism
      • C Cubism
    3. 3. What year was ‘Until Her Death’ created?

      • A 1850
      • B 1862
      • C 1904
    4. 4. The image description mentions a potted plant. What does this detail suggest about the scene?

      • A It indicates a formal, aristocratic setting.
      • B It adds a touch of domesticity and realism to the scene.
      • C It symbolizes the passage of time and mortality.
    5. 5. Frederick Sandys was known for his work with which medium besides painting?

      • A Sculpture
      • B Wood-engraving
      • C Watercolor

    My score: ____ out of 5

    Answer key — for the teacher

    This starts a fresh printed page, so it can simply be left out of the copies.

    1A · 2A · 3B · 4B · 5A

    Check any answer against the catalogue record for this painting

    Questions & Answers

    Where do the visitors of "Until Her Death" by Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys come from?

    The Stats page of "Until Her Death" by Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys presents public visit statistics: monthly visits of this artwork, a comparison with the artist's most viewed works, and where its visitors come from.

    Who is the artist behind "Until Her Death"?

    "Until Her Death" is attributed to Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys.

    Is a high-resolution download of "Until Her Death" available?

    "Until Her Death" is available as a high-resolution digital image download, purchased directly on its Digital Image page.